摘要
目的:比较中国和美国的中学生对由父母原因引起的考试焦虑的认知情况。方法:采用“失败结果预期(FOE)”问卷中的由父母原因引起的考试焦虑12项,测量中美两国公立学校14、15岁的1215名中学生对考试焦虑原因的认知。结果:1.相似认知:两国学生在由父母原因引起的考试焦虑方面有类似的认知,包括父母会担心自己能否进入高一级学校、会让父母烦恼等。2.跨文化的差异:表现为中国学生更多是因为父母责备、辜负了父母期望或会让父母生气而导致考试焦虑;而美国学生更多是由于父母认为他们不能面对生活中的挑战而产生焦虑。3.性别差异:表现在美国的女中学生在7个项目上、中国的男中学生在2个项目上分别比本国异性有更大程度的焦虑(P<0.05)。结论:中美中学生对由父母原因引起的考试焦虑方面有类似的认知,但存在文化差异和性别差异。
Objective： To investigate middle school students＇ parent-related fears of poor performance on important examinations in the United Stated and China. Methods： The “Failure Outcome Expectancy （FOE）” inventory was used to measure students＇ perceptions of test anxiety in a sample of 1,215 public middle school students, ages 14and 15. Results： The findings indicated that students in different countries reported similar trends in the reasons for their parent-related test anxiety including student worries with respect to confidence about admission to higher institutions, and student contributions to parental annoyances in relation to academic achievement. However, cross-cultural differences revealed that Chinese students reported significantly expectations, or the potential for annoying their parents than American students. American students reported a significantly stronger preoccupation about their capacity to face challenges in life than Chinese students. Additionally, gender differences were more significant in the western culture of the United States than in China. American female students reported stronger perceptions on seven items of parent-related causes of their test anxiety than Chinese female students. Chinese male students reported stronger preoccupation only on two items than their American counterpart. Conclusion： Chinese and American students have similar trends in the reasons for their parent-related test anxiety. There are also culture difference and gender difference in this problem.
出处
《中国心理卫生杂志》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第8期509-512,共4页
Chinese Mental Health Journal
关键词
中学生
考试焦虑
横断面研究
文化
差异
性别
mlddle school student
test anxiety
cross-cultural
gender differences
