摘要
以“小麦—水稻”为对照,研究了沿江地区“大棚作物—水稻”、“牧草—水稻”种植模式下水稻氮肥的施用效应。结果表明,在不施氮和施氮量225 kg/hm2时,以小麦茬水稻为对照,大棚作物茬较之依次增产56.20%和10.78%,纯收益依次增加95.39%和14.49%,而牧草茬与小麦茬相比,产量和纯收益差异均不明显。大棚作物茬稻在施氮量150 kg/hm2时产量、纯收益、新增纯收益率最高,施氮量75 kg/hm2时边际成本报酬率、氮肥农学利用率和氮肥偏生产力为最高。牧草茬在施氮量300 kg/hm2时产量最高,施氮量225 kg/hm2时纯收益、新增纯收益率、边际成本报酬率和氮肥农学利用率最高,施氮量150 kg/hm2时氮肥偏生产力最高。3种茬口水稻不施氮时的品质差异主要在加工品质及直链淀粉、蛋白质含量上,施氮量225 kg/hm2时的品质差异主要是在加工品质、外观品质及其直链淀粉含量上。
Using “wheat - rice” plant pattern as control, the nitrogen fertilizer application effect in rice field was studied with the pattern “shed crop- rice”and “grass rice” in reparian area. The results show that under the condition of no nitrogen fertilizer and pure nitrogen fertilizer of 225 kg/hm^2 , taking the rice field after wheat as CK, the yield in the rice field after shed crop increased 56.20 % and 10.78 %, and the net profit improved 95.39 % and 14.49 % compared with CK. But there was no obvious difference in the yield and net profit between the rice field after grass and after the wheat. With the different nitrogen levels in the rice field after shed crop, the rice yield, net profit, new net profit rate were the highest with the pure nitrogen fertilizer of 150 kg/hm^2 , while the marginal cost reward rate, nitrogen agronomic efficiency, partial factor productivity were the highest with the pure nitrogen of 75 kg/hm^2. With the different nitrogen levels in the rice field after grass, the rice yield was the highest with the pure nitrogen fertilizer of 300 kg/hm^2 , and the net profit, new net profit rate, marginal cost reward rate, nitrogen agronomic efficiency were the highest with the pure nitrogen fertilizer of 225 kg/hm^2 , and the partial factor productirity was the highest with the pure nitrogen fertilizer of 150 kg/hm^2 . In the rice field after the three crops, the quality difference shows mainly in the milling quality, amylose content and protein content with no nitrogen fertilizer, while in the milling quality, appearance quality and amylose content with the pure nitrogen fertilizer of 225 kg/hm^2.
出处
《天津农学院学报》
CAS
2005年第3期26-30,共5页
Journal of Tianjin Agricultural University
基金
江苏省"十五"重点科技项目"江苏省水田高效种植模式的优质
安全
标准化生产技术体系研究"(BE2001329)
江苏省农业科学院院基金项目"沿江农区‘大棚作物-稻’种植制优质安全关键技术研究"(6210339)和"沿江粳稻节氮增效与无公害生产关键技术研究"(6210436)
关键词
种植模式
水稻
氮肥
产量
效益
品质
plant pattern
rice
nitrogen fertilizer
yield
effect
quality
