摘要
黄河以“多沙、善淤、善徙、善决”著称于世,究其原因主要是“水少沙多,水沙关系不协调”。黄河又是国内乃至世界上开发程度较高的河流,大型水利枢纽的修建,不可避免地改变了天然水沙过程,使不协调的水沙关系增加了人为因素。在当前黄河中游水库群已经大部分投运的情况下,如何利用水库群的控制和调节,达到既能保持水库的有效库容,使枢纽的防洪、防凌、灌溉、供水、发电等效益得以充分发挥,又能塑造出合理的水沙过程,使下游河道河床淤积稳定在“允许淤积量”内甚或有所冲刷,保持河道的生命活力,是水沙联合调度的研究范畴。针对黄河泥沙的特点,从分析黄河的来水来沙特点开始,系统研究高含沙水流的运动规律、黄河水库的淤积和排沙规律,探求水库的异重流调度和多目标调度的优化方法、途径以及水沙联合调度对下游影响的评价方法等,将可能为黄河调水调沙调度提出一套可靠实用的理论方法和技术措施。
The Yellow River is famous for “heavy sediment, shiftable and be apt to deposition and levee break” because of “less water with more sediment and unbalanced sediment discharge relationship”. In addition, the Yellow River is a river of highly developed in China even in the world. Large-scale key water control works building has inevitably changed the natural sediment discharge process and added anthropic factors into the unbalanced sediment discharge relationship. Under the conditions of majority groups of reservoirs on the middle Yellow River having been put into operation, how to not only realize keeping the effective storage capacity of reservoirs and giving full play of key water control works to the benefits of flood control, ice run control, irrigation, water supply and power generation, but also build rational sediment discharge process, keep the river bed of the lower reaches stable and has light scouring within “allowable deposition” and keep the channel vitality through the control and regulation of group of reservoirs are in the category of sediment discharge joint regulation study. To systematically study the law of high sediment concentrated flow movement, the law of deposition and desilting of reservoirs on the Yellow River and searching for optimized ways and methods for density current regulation and multi-purpose regulation of reservoir and evaluation methods of the influence of joint sediment discharge regulation to the lower reaches might provide a set of reliable and practical theoretical methods and technical measures for sediment discharge regulation of the Yellow River in accordance with the characteristic of the sediment starting from analysis of the characteristics of the coming water and sediment.
出处
《人民黄河》
CAS
北大核心
2005年第9期17-20,共4页
Yellow River
关键词
范畴
联合调度
调水调沙
水库群
黄河中游
category, joint regulation, sediment discharge regulation, group of reservoirs, the middle Yellow River
