摘要
目的:探讨反映少数民族学生体格营养状况的指标及制定体格营养状况度量标准。方法:于2003-11/2004-05随机选取广西民族大学、广西师范学院、右江师范专科学校、河池学院、玉林师范学院,贺州师范学院,钦州民族师范学校7所大学的在校学生5469人为调查对象。获全面知情同意且其父母均系少数民族,通过对国际、国内体质研究专家和权威机构的文献阅读,结合国内大规模人群体质调研的成果,统计学筛选、指标信度和校度等验证后确定监测指标。设立身高、体质量、胸围、腰围、臀围、上臂部、肩胛下部、腹部等皮褶厚度、肺活量为监测指标。依照广西少数民族大学生体格营养监测数据资料和身体形态计算模型;依据体格营养特征的典型指标,计算广西少数民族男女大学生体格营养特征典型指标的平均数、标准差和权重系数,为使体格营养指数作为一个连续型的随机变量分析,对样本进行偏态度(Sk)和峰态度(Ku)的正态性检验。并确定广西少数民族男女大学生体格营养状况度量标准。原始数据由MicrosoftEx-cel储存,并建立数据库。并进行常规统计和高级数理统计分析。结果:广西少数民族男女大学生5469人均获得原始指标数据,全部进入结果分析。①确定能大体反映广西少数民族大学生体格营养特征的9个原始指标、26个派生指标,利用因子分析35个指标得出5个典型指标:身高、(体质量/身高)×107、肺活量/胸围、体脂百分比、(体质量/身高2)×10。②通过计算体格营养特征典型指标的平均数、标准差和权重系数可知,影响广西少数民族男、女大学生体格营养特征的重要指标排序分别是:(男)身高、体脂百分比、(体质量/身高2)×1000、(体质量/身高)×107、肺活量/胸围。(女)体脂百分比、身高、(体质量/身高)×107、(体质量/身高2)×1000、肺活量/胸围。③5个体格营养指标典型指标的偏态度0、峰态度0.263,基本服从正态分布。采用5级制制定广西少数民族大学生体格营养评价标准;5等为优秀,4等为优良,3等为良好,2等为一般,1等为差。其中3等应占总人数80%,2,4等共占15%,1,5等共占5%。④广西少数民族男女大学生18～20岁体格营养均衡状况综合评定标准:女生:体格营养综合评价值z≥-2.012为不均衡;-2.0124≤z≤-1.2820为基本均衡;-1.2820<z≤1.2575为均衡;z>1.2575很均衡。男生:≥-2.2153为不均衡;-2.2153<z≤-1.127为基本均衡;-1.1274<z≤1.2909为均衡;很均衡z>1.2909。结论:典型指标间既相互独立,彼此间又密切联系;构成一个比较全面、系统的体格营养状况监测指标体系。
AIM： To probe into the indicators that reflect the physique nutritional status of students of minority, and set a standard for the measurement of physique nutritional status. METHODS： Between November 2003 and May 2004, 5 469 students were randomly selected from Guangxi University for Nationalities, Guangxi Normal College, Youjiang Normal College, Hechi College, Yulin Normal College, Hezhou Normal College, Qinzhou Normal College for Nationalities, The body height, body mass, chest circumference, waist circumference, hip circumference, skinfold of upper arms, shoulder blade find belly, and vital capacity of the students, whose parents were both minorities, were taken as the monitoring indexes after reading expert documents on physique. According to the physique nutritional monitoring data information and body shape, model was calculated. According to the typical index of physique nutritional characteristics, the average standard deviation and weight coefficient of their physique nutritional indexes of the male and female students were calculated. In order to take physique nutritional index as a continuous random analysis, the Sk and Ku test of normality on the samples was performed, A standard for the evaluating the physique nutritional state of Guangxi minority ethnic students was set up, The original data are stored in Microsoft Excel to establish a database for routine statistics and advanced statistical analysis, RESULTS： The original data of all the 5 469 male and female students of minority were obtained and involved in the analysis of results. ① Nine original indexes and 26 derivative indexes, which could generally reflect the physique nutritional status of Guangxi minority ethnic students, were identified, and 5 typical indexes were obtained by use of factor analysis, including body height, （body mass, body height）×107, vital capacity/chest circumference, body fat percentage, （body mass＇body height^2） ×10, ②By calculating the average, standard deviation and weight coefficient of physique nutritional typical index, it could be known that the important influencing factors of physique nutritional characteristics of male and female Guangxi minority ethnic students in order were that body height, body fat percentage, （body mass＇body height^2） ×1000,（ body mass＇body height） ×107, vital capacity and chest circumference for males; but body fat percentage, body height, （body mass＇body height） ×107, （body mass＇body height^2） ×1 000 and vital capacity/chest circumference for females respectively, ③0,0.263 of 5 physique nutritional indexes, which were in normal distribution, An evaluation criterion of 5 grades to evaluate the physique of Guangxi minority ethnic students as set up： grad 5 as excellent, grade 4 as better, grade 3 as good, grade 2 as common, grade 1 as poor. 80% of the students were in grade 3. 15% in grades 2 and 4, and 5% in grades 1 and 5, ④ The physique nutritional status of male and female Guangxi minority ethnic stu- dents aged 18 to 20 years were that for females： physique nutritional balance state z≥-2.01 2 as imbalanced, -2.012 4≤z≤-1.282 0 as basic balmaced, -1.282 0≤z≤1.257 5 as balanced, z≥1.257 as very balanced; for males;≥-2.215 3 as imbalmaced; -2.215 3≤z≤-1.127 as basic bal-maced; -1.127 4≤z≤1.290 9 as balanced; ≥1.290 9 as very balanced.CONCLUSION： The typical indexes are independent and related to each other closely. They can constitute a comprehensive, systematic physique nutritional state monitoring index system.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第31期4-6,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
2004年广西教育科学"十五"规划重点课题(2004B11)~~
