摘要
目的评价头孢噻肟联合舒巴坦复方制剂的抗菌活性及不同配比间的差 异。方法 以平皿二倍稀释法对临床分离的18种636株致病菌进行MIC测 定;以试管二倍稀释法测定34株致病菌的MBC值;以活菌计数法绘制4株致 病菌的杀菌曲线。结果联合头孢噻肟与舒巴坦可显著降低革兰阴性杆菌对 头孢噻肟的耐药率。其中:1:1与2:1配比对大肠埃希菌、肺炎克雷白菌、摩氏摩 根菌、阴沟肠杆菌、产气肠杆菌、粘质沙雷菌及弗氏枸橼酸杆菌的MIC90为2— 32mg·L-1,头孢噻肟高于联合复方制剂(1:1与2:1)4—32倍。头孢噻肟与舒 巴坦4种配比(1:1,2:1,4:1,8:1)对表皮葡萄球菌、肺炎链球菌、化脓性链球菌的 MIC90为0．13-4 mg·L-1,均有较强杀菌作用。其中:1:1与2:1配比对革兰阴 性杆菌的杀菌作用明显优于头孢噻肟。当细菌接种量为1×104～1×107CFU ·mL-1和培养基中的人血清含量对体外抗菌作用无影响。当培养基pH 5．0和 6．0时,头孢噻肟联合制剂对MIC值无影响。结论 头孢噻肟与舒巴坦复合剂 对大多数临床分离致病菌均有较强体外抗菌作用,可降低产酶菌耐药性,2:1 与1:1配比抗菌作用相当。
Objective To study the in vitro combined at various ratios with sulbactam activity of cefotaxime alone and Methods Minimal inhibitory concentration （MIC） were determined by the twofold agar dilution method against 636 clinical isolates from January 2000 to September 2002 in Beijing. Minimal bactericidal concentration （MBC） were determined by the twofold broth dilution method against 34 strains. Four killing curves were drawn by determination colony forming unit counts at each time point. Results Sulbactam could decrease the gram negative bacilli resistance rates of cefotaxime. The MIC90 values of cefotaxime/sulbactam （ 1 ： 1 and 2 ： 1 ） against E. coli, Klebsiella pneumonia, Morganella morganii , Enterbacter cloacae, Enterobacter aerogenes , Serratia marcescens and Citrobacter freundii were 2 ～ 32 mg · L^-1, lower than those of cefotaxime alone 4 ～ 32 times. Against gram positive cocci, the MIC90 values of cefotaxime/sulbactam against Staphylococcus epidermidis , Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes were 0.13～4 mg·L^-1. Cefotaxime/sulbactam is a excellent bactericidal agent at various ratios. The MIC value of cefotaxime/sulbactam were effected at pH 5.0 and pH 6.0 against Staphylococcus aureus but it was unaffected by inoculum size and human serum. Conclusion Cefotaxime/sulbactam demonstrated great in vitro activity against clinical isolates and decreased resistance rates of β - lactamases producing strains. The antibacterial activity of cefotaxime/sulbactam （2：1） was comparable with that of 1：1.
出处
《中国临床药理学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第5期345-350,共6页
The Chinese Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
关键词
头孢噻肟
舒巴坦
体外抗菌作用
cefotaxime
sulbactam
in vitro antibacterial activity
