摘要
以中熟籼稻扬稻6号和中熟粳稻武育粳3号为材料,研究了在不同施肥水平下,稻米碾米品质在穗上不同部位和不同粒位籽粒间的差异及其分布特点。结果表明,就总体而言,在稻穗的同一部位,两品种一次枝梗籽粒的出糙率、精米率和整精米率高于二次枝梗的籽粒;二次枝梗上籽粒的出糙率、精米率和整精米率以第1粒位籽粒较低,第4或第3位的籽粒较高;一次枝梗上第2粒位籽粒的出糙率和整精米率较高,第1粒位籽粒的较低;精米率在穗上不同部位及一次枝梗上的分布因施氮量的不同而异。武育粳3号穗上各部位一、二次枝梗籽粒的碾米品质优于扬稻6号,穗上同一部位二次枝梗籽粒的碾米品质在两品种间的差异大于一次枝梗。施氮量在0～240kg·ha-1范围内,增施氮肥可改善稻米的碾米品质。
Milling quality of the grain is one of the most important quality indexes of rice. However, little is known what difference in the milling characters among the grains at different positions within a rice panicle. This study has investigated the distribution of the percentages of brown rice （BR）, milled rice （MR） and head rice （HR） for different grains on a panicle. Two rice cultivars, Yangdao 6 （indica rice） and Wuyujing 3 （japonica rice）, were field-grown. Three levels of nitrogen, 0, 120 kg·ha^-1, and 240 kg·ha^-1, were applied at pre-planting and topdressing. All primary branches on a panicle were evenly divided into three parts of the upper, middle and basal. The grains were numbered as 1 to 6 on a primary branch and 1 to 3 or 4 on a secondary branch from the top to base. Generally, BR, MR and HR for the grains on a primary branch were greater than those on a secondary branch at the same part of a panicle. On a secondary branch, the grain 1 had the least BR, MR and HR, and the grain 3 or 4 had the greatest. On a primary branch, the grain 2 had the greatest BR and HR, and the grain 1 had the least; the distribution of MR at different positions within a rice panicle or on a secondary branch varied with the amount of nitrogen applied. The milling quality of the grains at different parts in a panicle of Wuyujing 3 was better than those of Yangdao 6, especially the grains on a secondary at the same part of a panicle. Application of nitrogen fertilizer could improve the milling quality of rice when the amount of nitrogen was between 0 and 240 kg·ha^-1.
出处
《中国农业科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第10期1973-1979,共7页
Scientia Agricultura Sinica
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30370828
30400276)
江苏省自然科学基金项目(BK2003041)资助
