摘要
以自制属于 Gemini 型的表面活性剂 KD-1为乳化剂,采用微乳液聚合方法,用于聚丙烯酸酯微乳液的聚合研究。考察了乳化剂 KD-1用量、去离子水用量及反应温度对微乳液聚合反应的影响,对制备的微乳液进行流体力学性能的测定,并将制备的微乳液和胶膜与常规方法制备的微乳液和胶膜进行性能比较。结果表明,在 KD-1用量40 g,去离子水用量120 g,过硫酸铵引发剂用量0.46 g,反应温度80℃优化条件下制备的聚丙烯酸酯微乳液,固含量达40.50%,混合单体与乳化剂比例达20.6:1,转化率97%以上,微乳液平均粒径34.3 nm,克服了目前微乳液聚合中存在乳化剂含量高,而乳液中固含量低的两大缺陷。力学性能测定说明,制备的聚丙烯酸酯微乳液属于膨胀性流体。与常规方法制备的微乳液相比,粒径小,表面张力低,成膜温度有所降低,而玻璃化温度有所提高,透明度、附着力、耐水性、耐冲击强度等性能更优异。
Study of preparation of acrylic latex with high solid content was carried out using self- made KD - 1 emulsifier which was one of the special Gemini anionic surfactants as only surfactant by microemulsion polymerization. The amount of KD - 1 emulsifier and deionized water, and reaction temperature on the microemulsion polymerization were examined. The properties of microemulsion such as rheological properties, optic properties and mechanical properties were measured and compared with that of microemulsion and latex film prepared using conventional methods. The result showed that acrylic latex prepared under the following optimum reaction conditions had solid content of 40.50 % with mass ratio of mixed monomers to emulsifiers of 20.6 ： 1 and conversion of 97 % and average particle diameter of 34.3 nm： amount of KD - 1 emulsifier, deionized water and ammonium persulfate initiator 40, 120 and 0.46 g respectively under reaction temperature of 80℃, while microemulsion using conventional method had high content of emulsifier and low content of solid. The mechanic result showed that acrylic latex prepared was dilatant fluid. The titled latex had smaller particle diameter, lower surface tention, lower temperature of film- forming and higher glass temperature, and better transparence, adhesion, water-resistance and impact- resistance compared with conventional ones.
出处
《精细石油化工进展》
CAS
2005年第9期12-16,共5页
Advances in Fine Petrochemicals
