摘要
目的:探讨对有自杀倾向大学生的进行心理干预的可能性及其效果。方法:于2004-10/12选择主动到某大学心理中心求助的自述想自杀的学生2例作为观察指标。例1,女性,大学一年级学生,因害怕回家、人际关系紧张、学习成绩不理想欲自杀,抑郁症状自评量表测试分值29,为有抑郁症状;例2,男性,大学三年级学生,因自己性取向发生问题想自杀,症状自评量表测试分值31,为有抑郁症状。②分别采用个体咨询与团体咨询的方法,对这2例大学生进行干预。将例1放在10人的小组里,采用团体咨询方式进行心理干预,1次/周,分4个阶段训练,即观察行为预演示范阶段、认知的重建阶段、自我表达训练阶段和自我价值探索阶段,时间1个月。例2采用个体咨询,1次/周,共3次。以其行为表现作为主要的观察指标,从运动、认知、情感和生理4个层面进行观察分析,在咨询过程中按照假设-评估-判断-命名的思维模式进行分析。③抑郁症状自评量表有20道题组成,分别调查20项症状,以总分为统计指标,总分≤15分为无抑郁症状,16～19分为可能有抑郁症状,≥20分为肯定有抑郁症状。结果:经过干预,例1不再想自杀,愿意回家,能接纳男性,人际关系改善,抑郁症状自评量表评分由干预前的29降低为15;例2不再绝望,焦虑、紧张情绪改善,不再过分关注自身的性取向,认同自己更重要的是社会人,抑郁症状自评量表评分由干预前的31降低为12。结论:经过不同方式心理干预后,2例个案在临床观察和抑郁症状自评量表测试结果方面均有明显改变,例1能接纳男性,人际关系改善,例2认同自己更重要的是社会人,不再过分关注自身的性取向,抑郁症状自评量表评分均降低。说明心理干预是帮助有自杀倾向的大学生消除自杀观念的一种有效方法。
AIM： To explore the possibility and effect of psychological intervening in university students with suicidal tendency. METHODS： ① From October to December 2004, university student A and B who commit suicide went to some university psychological center and seek help. Student A, female, freshman, fearing to go home, interpersonal relationships nervous, unsatisfactory to her school grade and committing suicide, center for epidemiological studies-depression scale （CES-D） was tested and total points was 29, had depressive symptoms. Student B, male, junior, wanted to suicide because his own sex orientatiOn had problem, CES-D was 31, also had depressive symptoms; ② CES-D was made up of 20 questions for 20 symptoms respectively, main statistical index for total points, total points≤15 points was taken as ＂without depression＂; 16-19 as ＂possibly have depression＂ ; ≥20 as ＂there must be depressive symptoms＂. ③ We adopt group counseling interfering student A who was in group of 10 people, weekly, divided four stages to train, one month of time. Students B adopted individual counseling, weekly, amounted to three times. ④ We compared and analyzed the score of and clinical observation （including mood, cognition, behavior, body symptom, social function, etc.） which two case went on before and after interfering from to test. RESULTS： After intervention, student A no longer wanted to commit suicide, would like to go home, could admit man, the interpersonal relationships were improved; Students B was no longer desperate, anxious, tense was lessened, did not pay close attention to his sex orientation excessively any more, admitted that the more important thing was social people oneself. The score of CES-D was 12. CONCLUSION： After different psychological intervention, there are obvious changes for the two cases in the score of CES-D, clinical observation and depressed symptom. Psychological intervention is an effective method for university students with suicidal tendency to dispel suicidal idea.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第40期10-12,共3页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
基金
江苏省哲学社会科学基金资助(04JYB012)~~
