摘要
目的:各种疾病和创伤可导致疼痛,对疼痛控制的主要原则及注意事项进行归纳总结,旨在为今后的急诊疼痛护理应对提供有益的参考。资料来源:应用计算机检索M edline数据库1995-01/2005-04与疼痛控制相关的文章,检索词:“Em ergency,Nursing,Pain M anagem ent”,限定文章语言种类为English。同时计算机检索http://wanfangdata.com.cn2000-01/2005-04的文章,检索词“急诊,护理,疼痛控制”,限定文章语言种类为中文。资料选择:对资料进行初审,纳入标准:选择与急诊疼痛的临床护理有关的文章,或者与镇痛剂使用的注意事项有关的文章。排除标准:病例数过少的文章,镇痛剂的药理研究文章,内容重复文章。资料提炼:共搜集到79篇关于急诊疼痛的临床护理文章,入选具有代表了国内、外急诊疼痛临床护理研究的最新发展趋势的文献11篇。资料综合:①急诊疼痛控制的主要方面:患者疼痛程度的准确判断;对患者生理和心理依赖性、以及用药阈值的认识;镇痛剂的药理作用和副作用;适当的护理和心理安慰对患者疼痛控制的作用。②急诊疼痛控制的主要障碍:从包括疼痛控制方面理论知识缺乏、患者使用镇痛剂之后,疼痛程度和缓解的情况较难判断等6方面内容。结论:如何应对急诊患者的疼痛,牵涉到镇痛剂的正确使用,对患者适当的护理和观察,以及心理开导等各个方面。正确的急诊应对措施可以减轻患者的疼痛,安定其情绪,为以后其他科室的开展治疗工作奠定基础。
OBJECTIVE： To conclude the main principle and announcements in pain control through grasping the pain due to different diseases and traumas in order to provide helpful references for pain management in the emergency department in the future.DATA SOURCES： A computer search of Medlinc for English articles about pain management published from January 1995 to April 2005 was conducted by using key words “Emergency, Nursing,Pain Management”. Meanwhile, we retrieved Wangfang databases for the related articles in Chinese with computer by using the same key words in Chinese.STUDY SELECTION： After first trial, articles related to clinical nursing of emergency department pain or related to the announcements about the use of anodyne were enrolled; others with few cases, related to the pharmacological research or.repetitive articles were excluded.DATA EXTRACTION： Totally 79 articles about the clinical nursing of emergency department pain were enrolled, including 11 articles representing the latest development and tendency in clinica1 nursing of emergency department pain in the world.DATA SYNTHESIS：①Main aspects in pain management included ad- justment of pain degree, cognition to the physiological and psychological dependence of patients and drug threshold, pharmacological role and ill effect of anodyne, appropriate nursing and comfort in the control of pain.② Main diffcuhies in pain management included six aspects, such as deficiency of theory and knowledge about pain management, and adjustment of pain degree and remission degree for patients after administration of anodyne. CONCLUSION： How to perform appropriate pain management is associated with accurate use of anodyne, appropriate nursing and observation in patients, and psychological consulting, etc. Appropriate coping measures in the emergency department can alleviate pain and stabilize emotion of patients, and provide some helpful reference for other departments to treat patients.
出处
《中国临床康复》
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第42期124-125,共2页
Chinese Journal of Clinical Rehabilitation
