摘要
黄钾铁矾的化学合成实验表明,调整合适的pH值及介质浓度,常温常压下可以实现黄钾铁矾的快速形成.影响黄钾铁矾形成的主要因素包括pH值、温度及硫酸铁介质的浓度.常温下,当pH值在2.60～3.10时,24 h内即有黄钾铁矾沉淀出现,2 d内则有大量黄钾铁矾生成;在90℃左右时,形成黄钾铁矾的溶液pH值范围增大至1.20～3.10,而且在该范围内,pH值越大越利于黄钾铁矾的形成.高硫酸铁浓度有利于黄钾铁矾的形成,硫酸铁浓度较高(大于0.05 M)时,形成较纯的黄钾铁矾矿物;而低浓度时,生成的黄钾铁矾常常含有水绿矾及胶体状的红色无定形羟基硫酸铁杂质.黄钾铁矾的沉淀过程可以用来治理矿山及工业废水,去除其中的S、Fe及As、Cr、Hg、Pb等有毒有害元素.常温常压下黄钾铁矾快速形成的实现为在产生酸性废水的矿山废石堆上形成黄钾铁矾类矿物胶体隔离防渗层提供了良好的潜在应用前景.
The formation conditions of j arosite in the system Fe2 （SO4）3-K2 SO4-H2O were studied. The results show that j arosite can be formed rapiclly under norrnal temperature and pressure by controlling sffltable pH value and Fe2（SO4）3 and K2SO4 concentrations. The pH value, temperature and concentration of Fez（SO4）3 media are key factors affecting the formation of jarosite. At normal temperature, the precipitation of jarosite can be seen within 24 hours when the pH value is between 2.60 and 3.10, and a great quantity of jarosite is formed within 48 hours. At about 90℃, the pH value range forming jarosite extends to 1.20 - 3.10, and within this range, the rising pH value is advantageous to the formation of jarosite. High Fe2（SO4）3 concentration is also favorable for the formation of jarosite. Relative pure jarosite can be synthesized when Fe2 （SO4）3 concentration is high （ 〉0.05 M） and jarosite containing melanterite and colloid amorphous hydroxide vitriol iron can be formed when Fe2（SO4）3 concentration is low. The depositing process of jarosite can be used to tackle waste water from mines and other industries and remove S, Fe and other toxic and harmful elements such as As, Cr, Hg and Pb in water. The achievement of rapid formation of jarosite under normal temperature and pressure presents a potential good application prospect in using the precipitation of jarosite colloid and its analogues as isolation mantle layers of mine tailing producing acid mine drainage .
出处
《岩石矿物学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2005年第6期607-611,共5页
Acta Petrologica et Mineralogica
基金
国家重大基础研究前期研究专项资助项目(2001CCA02400)
关键词
黄钾铁矾
形成条件
环境意义
jarosite
formation conditions
environmental significance
