摘要
目的:探讨小儿肺炎的病毒性病原学特点.方法:应用直接免疫荧光法,连续3年对13 642例住院肺炎患儿呼吸道分泌物中呼吸道合胞病毒(RSV),副流感病毒(PIV) 1、2、3型,流感病毒(IV)A型、B型和腺病毒(ADV)抗原进行检测.结果:病毒性肺炎占34.3%,其中RSV占25.8%,PIV4.7%,IV A 2.4%,IV B 0.2%,ADV 1.3%.RSV在≤1岁组检出率 33.1%,>1～3岁组19.7%,>3岁组5.1%(趋势χ2=763.4,P<0.001).ADV肺炎,>1～3岁组与>3岁组分别为2.3%及2.5%,均高于≤1岁组的0.7%(P<0.01).>1～3岁组IV A检出率3.4%,高于≤1岁组(χ2=18.2,P<0.01).>1～3岁组PIV 1肺炎占1.2%,较其它年龄组高(P<0.05).PIV 3,≤1岁组检出率 4.7%,>1～3岁组3.2%,>3岁组1.4%(趋势χ2=52.4,P<0.01).RSV感染率11月开始明显增高,持续到次年的3～4月份,但每年仍有差别.肺炎中RSV月感染率最高62.8%,IV A达15.7%.结论:小儿肺炎的病毒性病原,感染率高低依次为RSV、PIV、IV和ADV.RSV、PIV 3,年龄越大检出率越低.≤1岁婴儿ADV感染较少.幼儿较婴儿易致IV A感染.RSV流行见于冬春季,但存在变化.
Objective： To evaluate the viral pathogen of pneumonia in children. Methods： A total of 13 642 cases of children pneumonia in 3 years were enrolled in this study. Antigens of viral pathogen in respiratory excretion,including respiratory syncytial virus （RSV）,type 1,2 and 3 parainfluenza virus,type A and B influenza virus ,and adenovirus were detected by direct immunofluorescence method. Results： Viral pneumonia accounted for 34.3% of all cases,including 25.8% cases of RSV,4.7% of parainfluenza virus,2.4% of type A influenza virus, 0. 2%/o of type B influenza virus and 1. 3% of adenovirus. Coinfection was found in 20 cases,in which 17 cases （85%） were infected with RSV and another virus. Positive rates of RSV in children ≤1 year,1 to 3 years,and 〉3 years were 33.1%,19.7% and 5.1% with a significant difference （χtrend^2=763. 4,P〈0. 001）. The positive rate of adenovirus in children ≤1 year （0. 7%） was significantly lower than that in children aged 1 to 3 years and in children 〉3 years （2.3% and 2.5%） （all P〈0.01）. The positive rate of type A influenza virus in children aged 1 to 3 years was higher than that in children ≤1 year（χ^2=18.2,P〈0.01）. Type 1 parainfluenza virus was found in 1.2% children aged 1 to 3 years with most prevalence （P〈0.05）. Infection rates of type 3 parainfluenza in children ≤1 year,1 to 3 years,and 〉3 years were 4.7% ,3.2% and 1.4% respectively with a significant difference （χtrend^2= 52. 4,P〈0. 01 ）.Although there were some differences of infection rate of RSV in different years,it tended to increase from November to next April with a highest rate of 62. 8%. Type 3 parainfluenza virus and Type A influenza virus were almost sporadic while type A influenza virus was epidemic in August 2003 with an infection rate of 15.7%. Conclusion： The highest infection rate of viral pathogen of pneumonia in children is RSV and the follows are parainfluenza,influenza and adenovirus in turn.
出处
《浙江大学学报（医学版）》
CAS
CSCD
2005年第6期566-569,573,共5页
Journal of Zhejiang University(Medical Sciences)
关键词
副流感病毒
流感病毒
腺病毒
人
呼吸道合胞病毒
肺炎
病毒性
腺病毒
儿童
Parainfluenza virus
Influenza virus
Adenoviruses, human
Respiratory syncytial virusesPneumonia ,viral
Children
