摘要
水资源已从自然资源跃升为国家关键性、基础性战略资源,我国是联合国列为13个贫水国之一,占国土面积1/3的内陆河地区先天性的资源缺陷叠加不合理的利用使得水问题成为内陆河流域经济发展和环境保护的关键性问题。分析了中国典型内陆河———黑河的水、生态、环境问题;指出了传统生产条件下流域水资源利用已经走到尽头,缓解流域水资源矛盾必须提高单方水的效益;概要了“黑河流域水-生态-经济系统试验示范研究”在上游水源涵养区培育、中游节水型绿洲构建、下游生态水利用率提高以及生态经济学研究的部分成果,显示出提高流域水-生态-经济综合效益仍有较大潜力。在流域尺度上认识内陆河地表过程及其演变规律,集成生态技术体系和模式,重视流域尺度的水循环,实现流域尺度的生态水文学实验研究,建立内陆河流域科学基础应为长期努力的方向。
Water resource, as a natural resource, has become a vital and foundational resource of state stratagem. United Nations ranked our country in the thirteen water-poor countries. In the region of Chinese inland rivers, which occupied one thirds of China, natural resource shortage and irrational development made the water issue become a crucial restriction of economic development and environment protection of basins. This paper researched issues of water, ecology and environment in the Heihe river, a typical Chinese inland river. The potential of basin water resource has been used out under the traditional production way. To mitigate water scarcity at river-basin level it is necessary to increase efficiency per unit of water. The paper summarized some achievements of the project, a CAS knowledge innovation program, of experiment and demonstration research of basin water-ecology-economy system in the Heibe River, such as conserving water source in the upper reaches, constructing water-saving oasis in the middle reaches, raising use rate of ecological water in the lower reaches, which revealed that synthesis benefit of basin water-ecology-economy system could still be raised greatly. What still need study hard longtime were to understand earth surface process and its evolvement of inland rivers at basin level, to integrate technological system and model of eco-rehabilitation, to recognize water cycle in the whole basin, to carry out experiment of basin eco-hydrology and to establish basin science foundation of inland river.
出处
《中国沙漠》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第1期1-5,共5页
Journal of Desert Research
基金
中国科学院知识创新项目(KZCX1-09)
国家攻关课题"沙区水资源承载力与植被优化配置技术研究"(BA517A02)资助
关键词
水环境
水管理
水利用率
试验示范
黑河流域
water environment
water use rate
experiment
demonstration
Heihe river
