摘要
以三峡库区开县为例,根据土地利用优化配置的原则,对研究区内各土地利用类型进行空间优化配置,结果表明,优化后景观破碎化程度显著降低,景观比例变化巨大,优势嵌块体被经济林地替代,有林地重新恢复为景观基质,景观多样性和均匀性降低,优势度显著增大,人为干扰活动显著增大,且由不合理变得合理化。这种变化将产生巨大的生态经济效益:①有林地重新恢复为开县景观的基质,森林覆盖率显著增加,将由目前的22.55%增至66.29%,净增2倍,同时,陡坡耕地全部消失,水土流失规模和强度将得到有效控制,现有不少嵌块体的逆向演替将不复存在,使整个景观生态系统进入良性发展。②由于土地利用格局优化,土地开发利用程度将更充分,系统生产潜力亦得到较大发挥,经济效益相应地大幅度提高。尤其经济林地成为优势嵌块体,将使经济林产品总产量净增15.1倍产值净增11.2倍,整个开县大农业总产值可望突破18亿元,单位农业用地面积产值将比1992年净增加1.96倍。
Take Kai county as example which locate at the Three Gorges Projects area, according to the principle of optimized design, this paper make a spatial optimization to the land using type. The result indicate that the fragmented degree of the landscape tends to be decreasing; the change of landscape proportion is great; the advance fractal dimensions of patches substitute by economic forest land; the forest land renew as elements of landscape; the diversity and uniformity of landscape also decrease along the aggrandizement of the dominance degree, and increase greatly at different stages： from irrationality to rationality. This change may brought tremendous benefits to the economy of zoology： ① the forest land renew as elements of Kai county landscape, the cover ratio of forest increase obviously to 66.29 % from 22.55 % now, gain double. At the same time, the scale and intension of the soil erosion will control efficiently with the disappearances of the steep slope which use for furrowing; and it don＇t exist converse succession, it also make the whole landscape ecosystem system enter into virtuous circle. ②Due to the optimization of land using pattern, it will ensure sustainable land use and economic development as well as greatly improve the productive potential of the ecology system to increase its economic effectiveness. Especially when economic forest land turn into the super fractal patches, its total output and production value will increase more than 11.2 times, thus the whole production value of the Kai county may break through to 18 × 10^8 yuan（RMB） and the unit area production value of agriculture also have 1.96 times as much as 1992.
出处
《经济地理》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第1期133-136,144,共5页
Economic Geography
基金
教育部科学技术研究重点项目(编号:03142)
西南师范大学博士基金(编号:2003-18)联合资助
关键词
土地利用
优化配置
三峡库区
开县
land use
an optimized design
the Three Gorges Projects area
Kai county
