期刊文献+

火灾烟气毒性评价和预测技术研究 被引量:22

Study on Assessment and Prediction of Fire Effluents Toxicity
下载PDF
导出
摘要 总结火灾烟气毒性的评价与预测技术,对火灾烟气毒性评价和预测技术研究的国内外现状进行综述。介绍火灾烟气毒性评价和预测技术在材料产烟毒性危险性评价和性能化评估中的应用现状;比较动物动态染毒与静态染毒法对材料毒性评价的影响;通过分析存在的问题提出了烟气毒性评价与预测技术的未来研究方向。国内外研究表明,火灾烟气中各组分的毒性作用并非简单的加合协同作用,可能起拮抗作用,实际火灾中造成死亡的原因往往是亚致死效应使人丧失逃逸能力引起,现有的毒性数据与真实火灾烟气毒性及对人的作用均存在差别,因此,需通过采用火灾烟气毒性评价与预测技术进行相关研究,建立火灾中人员丧失逃逸能力的毒性指标和判据。 Assessment and prediction technologies of fire effluents toxicity are summarized. The situation ot tire toxicity research both at home and abroad is reviewed. The application of toxicity assessment and prediction technologies in assessing material toxic hazard and fire performance-based evaluation is introduced. The impact of dynamic intoxication and static intoxication of animal on material toxicity evaluation is compared. After analysis of the existing problems, the research direction in future of toxicity assessment and prediction technologies for The effluents is suggested. Research advance demonstrates that components of fire effluents are not definitely synergistic but maybe antagonistic. The fatal case in fire is usually induced by sub lethal effect of fire smoke makirg the victim lose the ability to escape. There are differences between the available toxicity data and the onsite toxic hazard to people. Study must be developed by using technolcgies on toxicity assessment and prediction of fire effluents to establish toxic indexes and criteria at which people would lose their ability to escape during fire.
出处 《中国安全科学学报》 CAS CSCD 2006年第1期76-82,共7页 China Safety Science Journal
基金 国家重点基础研究专项经费资助(2001CB409605)。
关键词 火灾 材料 烟气 毒性 性能化 fire meterial effluents toxicity performance-based
  • 相关文献

参考文献23

  • 1Gann, R. G, Babrauskas, V. Peacock, etc. Vane Conditions for Smoke Toxicity Measurement[J]. Fire and Materials, 1994, 93(18): 193-199.
  • 2F. H, Prager, G. Kimmerle, T. Maertins, etc. Toxicity of the Combustion and Decomposition Products of Polyurethanes[J]. Fire and Materials, 1994, 18.107 - 119.
  • 3李帮昌,刘霖,黄儒琛等..材料毒性烟气模型研究[R]..公安部四川消防科研所,,1990.4..20~32..
  • 4李帮昌,刘霖,黄儒琛等..材料产烟毒性分级方法研究报告[R]..公安部四川消防科研所,,1996.12..5~16..
  • 5ISO TR 9122 -4. Toxicity Testing of Fire Effluents-part 4. The Fire Model(Furnaces and Combustion Apparatus Used in Small-scale Testing)[S], 1993.05.15.
  • 6ISO/TC92/SC3 N49 Working Croup 1. Fire Model[R]. Convener's Report, 1985.10:16-57.
  • 7ISO 13344. Determination of the Lethal Taxic Potency of Fire Effluents[S], 1996. 12.15:3-4.
  • 8Vytenis Babrauskas,Richard G.Gann,Barbara C,etc.A Methodology for Obtaining and Using Toxic Potency Data for Fire Hazard Analysis[J].Fire Safety Journal 1998,31:345-358.
  • 9于永忠 吴启鸿 葛世成.阻燃材料手册[M].北京:群众出版社,1990..
  • 10ISO CD19702. Toxicity Testing of Ftre Effluents-analysis of Gases and Vapors in Fire Effluents Using FFIR Technology[S], 2002.

二级参考文献15

  • 1张先来(译).消防化学中尚未完全解决的六个问题[J].消防产品与信息,1996,:42-45.
  • 2Yehuda E. Kalay. Performance - based design, Automation in Construction, 1999 (8): 395 - 409.
  • 3George V. Hadjisophocleous, Noureddine Benichou. Performance criteria used in fire safety design, Automation in Construction, 1999(8) :489-501.
  • 4A H Buchanan. Fire engineering design guide, Center for Advanced Engineering, University of Canterbury, New Zealand,1994.
  • 5BSI Standards, Draft British Standard Code of Practice for The Application of Fire Safety Engineering Principles to Fire Safety in Buildings, Panel FSM/-/5 and Technical Committee FSM/24 Fire Safety Engineering, London, UK, 1994.
  • 6ZHAN Li-ping, QI Hai-ying, Changfu You, et al. Analysis on Releasing of HCl and HCN in Fire Smoke[A]. Xuchang Xu, Changsui Zhao. The Fourth Asia-Pacific Conference on Combustion[C]. Nanjing, China: Southeast University, 2003.444~446
  • 7Caldwell, D.J and Alarie, Y.: ""A Method to Determine the Potential Toxicity of Smoke from Burning Polymers. III. Comparison of Synthetic Polymers to Douglas Fir Using the UPITT II Flaming Combustion/Toxicity of Smoke Apparatus[J]. Fire and Materials, 199
  • 8Lnnermark, A., Blomqvist, P., M?nsson, M., et al. TOXIFIRE-Fire Characteristics and Smoke Gas Analysis in Under-Ventilated Large-Scale Combustion Experiments[R], SP Fire Technology REPORT 45, Swedish: Swedish National Testing and Research Institute, 1996
  • 9Purser, D.A. Toxic product yields and hazard assessment for fully enclosed design fires[J]. Polymer International, 2000, 49:1232-1255
  • 10Smith-Hansen,L.,J?gensen,K.H. Combustion of Chemical Substances and the Impact on the Environment of the Fire Products[Z]. Roskilde, Demnmark: RisNational Laboratory, 1992

共引文献62

同被引文献187

引证文献22

二级引证文献157

相关作者

内容加载中请稍等...

相关机构

内容加载中请稍等...

相关主题

内容加载中请稍等...

浏览历史

内容加载中请稍等...
;
使用帮助 返回顶部