摘要
南极洲蕴藏着丰富的矿产，但目前还研究得很不够。本文主要介绍了东南极南查尔斯王子山脉和恩德比地前寒武纪铁矿、毛德王后地不同时代的脉状铁矿及云母、石墨、绿柱石、水晶等非金属矿产。横贯南极山脉的Ｕ矿化、彭萨科拉山的杜费克杂岩体的Ｆｅ，Ｔｉ，铂族金属及ＣＵ，Ｎｉ等矿化、西南极包括南极半岛地区在内中─新生代的Ｃｕ矿化都是有潜力的矿产资源。横贯南极山脉地区的二叠纪煤系分布很广。南极洲的石油与天然气以威德尔海及罗斯海最有潜力。
ntarctica is rich in mineral resources though they are less studied. It is known that in East Antarctica Precambrian handed iron ores occur. They are mainly found in the southern Prince Charles Mountains and Enderby mud. In Queen Maud Land iron ore veins of venous ages, from Archaean to Triassic, are developed. Nonmetal minerals in Queen Maud Land include mica,graphite, beryl, crystal and gem. In the Transanforctic Mountains the uranium mineralizations are noteworthy. T'hese mineralizations are mainly related to granites and pegnatites of early Paleozoic,and the Kukri erosion surface of Ordovician-Silurian. T'he Dufek Complex of the Pensacola Mountains in the Transantarctic Mountains is the second largest to the Bushveld Complex of south Africa on the earth. It is a layered basic complex and Fe, Ti, Cr, Platinum Group metals, Cu, and Ni mineralizations are rather POtential in the complex. Coal is widespred in the Transanturctic Mountains. The coal measures mainly occur in Permian rocks. Besides, Phosphorite and gem are also found in the area. West Antarctica, especially the Antarctic Peninsula areas, are characterized by Mesozoic-Cenozoic magmatism and related mineralizations. T'he Cu mineralization is the most potential, while others such as An, Ag, Ph, Zn, Mo, Fe, even Cr etC. are also imPOrtant. Sediments favorable to the formation of oil and gas are depotted in Wilkes hod, Amery area, Queen Maud hand, Wedded Sea, Ross Sea, the Antarctic Peninsula and Bransfield Basin. Among them,the Wedded Sea and Ross Sea are the mest potential.
