摘要
改革开放以来,中国进入了快速城市化发展时期。本文利用高分辨率陆地卫星(LandsatTM/ETM)遥感影像数据,监测了中国城市用地扩展态势,并分析了影响中国城市用地扩展的驱动因素。研究表明:1990～2000年,中国城市用地扩展表现出明显的时空分异态势,城市用地增长了近82万hm^2,其中前5年的扩展占80.8%,后5年的扩展占19.2%,后5年的扩展规模明显低于前5年。研究还发现,城市用地主要以同心圆模式、飞地模式、轴向扩展模式与多极核扩展模式以及4种扩展模式的组合模式扩张。本文选取13个特大城市作为典型案例,对其城市用地扩展的驱动机制进行了研究,研究发现,人口增长、经济发展以及土地管理法规政策的变化是影响城市用地扩展的主要因素。
Along with its economic reform,China has experienced a rapid urbanization.This study mapped urban land expansion in China using high-resolution Landsat Thematic Mapper and Enhanced Thematic Mapper data of 1989/1990,1995/1996 and 1999/2000 and analyzed its expansion modes and the driving forces underling this process during 1990-2000.Our results show that China's urban land increased by 817 million hectares,of which 80.8% occurred during 1990-1995 and 19.2% during 1995-2000.It was also found that China's urban expansion had high spatial and temporal differences,such as four expansion modes, concentric,leapfrog,linear and multi-nuclei,and their combinations coexisted and expanded urban land area in the second 5 y was much less than that of the first 5 y.Case studies of the 13 mega cities showed that urban expansion had been largely driven by demographic change, economic growth,and changes in land use policies and regulations.
