摘要
本文报道了1988年发生在伊犁地区我国小麦上的一种新病害—小麦褐色叶枯病。根据症状观察及病原菌形态学比较研究结果,鉴定出诱感伊犁地区小麦叶枯病类的Septoria属真菌的优势“种”,小麦褐色叶枯病的病原菌为Leptosphaeria avenaria Weber f.sp.triticea T.Johnson;其无性世代为septoria avenae Frank f.sp.triticea T.Johnson.该病在我国尚属首次报道。
In 1988, wheat brown leaf blotch, a new disease in China, was severe out- break in Yining, Zhaosu, Xinyuan and Nilka et al. of Yili Prefecture. Blotches elongation or fusiform develop on the leaves. The blotches are yellowish to yellow-brown, with pale yellow margin, Coalescing lesions frequenly and bloteches enlarge, the infected leaf tissus dies and infection at a leaf base spreads into an adjoining leaf sheath. Pycnidia appear as black dots scattered throughout the center of blotches giving them a speckled appearance, often in rows, The peithecia appear as blacks speck on the older blotches of infected leaves wheat, and it is often found in combination with pycnidia of Septoria. Pycnidium spherical to oblate spheroidal, brown to dark brown, ostiole slightly elevated, 61.3～167.5 μm in diameter; Typical pycniospores being 3-septate but few were 1 or 5 septare, cylidric and with rounded or obtuse ends, straight to slightly curved; hyaline, measuring (20.5)27.5～45.3(52.3)μm×(2.5)2.8～4.3(5)μm. Perithecia scattered, globose to subglobose, brown to dull brown, with an ostiole, 67.5～147.5μm in diameter; asci clavate, slightly curved, rounded at the apes, thinwalled, 32.5～92.3μm×10～13.3μm, 8-spored and spores 2-se-tiate; ascospores fusoid, tapering toward the ends, 2-3 septate (when mature 3-septate), constricted at the septa, pale yellow to slightly brown, straight or a little curved, measuring 16.8～25.5μm×4.5～5.8μm. By compating with the morphologic of various Septoria species of on the wheat, this fungus was identified as Septoria avenae Frank f.sp. triticea T.Johnson, and its perfect state are Leptosphaeria avenaria Weber f.sp. triticea T.Johnson. This is reported for the first time in China.
关键词
小麦
病害
叶枯病
症状
病原菌
China
Yili
spring wheat
brown leaf blotch
symptomatology
causal organism
