摘要
基于地学信息图谱理论，充分考虑土地利用变化的空间位置和空间行为特征，对土地利用变化图谱进行分析．以三江平原宝清县为例，通过1954年、1976年、1986年和2000年四期土地利用空间数据叠加分析和属性编码技术生成三个时段土地利用变化图谱，对研究区三个时段不同土地利用类型的扩张、新生、收缩、消亡和复生的图谱过程及生态环境效应进行分析．结果表明：整个时段耕地和城乡用地面积增加，草地和沼泽湿地面积减少，林地和水域除1954～1976年呈增加外，其他时段呈现减少的趋势．而且1954～1976年耕地以新生为主，新生速率为每年8．77％；1976～2000年耕地以扩张为主．湿地和草地以退缩为主．人类大规模的开垦活动导致沼泽湿地与草地退缩与消失，从而导致区域生态环境恶化与生物多样性减少，同时土地利用生态界面也发生明显变化．
This paper improves the traditional method of land use dynamic change spatial analysis and analyzes land use TuPu spatial-temporal change based on the Geo-information TuPu theory. With the example of Baoqing county of Sanjiang plain, it analyzes the regional different land use change process and change modes of expanding, shrinking, disappearing, appearing and resurging from 1954 to 2000 depending on the land use spatial data from 1954,1976, 1986 and 2000. In conclusion, the regional cultivated land increased 451197.65hm^2 from 1954 to 2000. Wetland lost 263122.5hm^2 from 1954 to 2000. The cultivated land increase engrossed lots of grassland and wetland; the woodland decreased except from 1954 to 1976; the village and town construction expanded. Land use entities expanding and shrinking mainly happened along the borderline of the big entity units. The entities of disappearing, appearing and resurging are mainly the small entity units. By analyzing modes of the land use change TuPu, we conclude that man activities reclamation leads to cultivated land increasing and wetland dropping. The regional ecological environment is worsening and biodiversity is decreasing. At the same time, the regional ecological interfaces are changing.
出处
《中国科学院研究生院学报》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第2期242-250,共9页
Journal of the Graduate School of the Chinese Academy of Sciences
基金
中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向项目(KZCX2-SW-320-1)资助
关键词
土地利用变化
图谱
空间分析
宝清县
land use change, TuPu, spatial analysis, Baoqing county
