摘要
溯因推理是从已知结果推断其原因的一种思维方式,有别于演绎推理和归纳推理。它被深入地应用于诸多重要领域。但它在语言研究方面的应用还起步不久。言语理解是一个建立假设、论证假设的推理过程,溯因推理在建立假设阶段起着至关重要的作用。言语幽默的理解过程也是如此。所不同的是,在言语幽默中,由于交际者各自不同的背景知识和认知能力,根据溯因推理会建立不同的假设并通过演绎推理得出不同的结论,而不同结论的冲突使幽默得以产生。对言语幽默进行溯因推理解读的研究可以深化我们对一般语言交际的研究。
Abduction is a way of reasoning in which people infer the possible cause from an observed result. It is different from deduction and induction. It is used in depth in many important fields, but its adoption in the study of language is still in its infancy. The understanding of language is an inference process which involves the establishment and demonstration of hypothesis. Abduction plays a key role in establishing hypothesis. The understanding of some verbal humor necessitates the same process. What is different is that in verbal humor, communicators, based on their individual cognitive ability and background knowledge, establish different hypotheses by means of abduction, and then draw different conclusions by deduction. The conflict between different conclusions generates humor. The interpretation of verbal humor through abduction helps deepen our understanding of general linguistic communication.
出处
《外语与外语教学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第3期21-24,共4页
Foreign Languages and Their Teaching
关键词
溯因推理
言语幽默
语用研究
言语理解
abduction
verbal humor
pragmatic studies
the understanding of language