摘要
目的比较硝酸甘油舌下滴服与滴鼻对苏醒期高血压的降压效果及舒适度。方法硝酸甘油5 mg用生理盐水稀释至10 ml备用。100例全麻术后高血压病人分为舌下滴服组、滴鼻组各50例。舌下滴服组示其舌头上翘,不能上翘者用消毒棉签轻轻挑起舌头后往舌下滴入配制好的硝酸甘油0.5 ml。滴鼻组用生理盐水棉签清洁两侧鼻腔后滴入硝酸甘油0.5 ml。给药后1、3、5、10、15 min记录血压、心率。观察15 min,无效者则予第2次给药。结果两种方法均可使苏醒期血压下降至基础水平,1～3 min起效,5 min达到最大效应,维持15～30 min。两组血压下降速度及下降水平无显著性差异(P>0.05)。两组用药次数无显著性差异(P>0.05)。滴鼻组有17例诉鼻腔刺激不适,9例有刺激味、恶心感;而舌下滴服组仅11例诉有刺激味,2例有恶心感。结论硝酸甘油舌下滴服与硝酸甘油滴鼻相比,在苏醒期高血压病人中同样具有操作简便、快速、安全、有效等优点,舌下滴服较滴鼻的方法更能减轻病人痛苦。
Objective To compare the lowing pressure effect and comfort degree of dropping Nitroglycerin under tongue and nose dropping. Methods Five mg Nitroglycerin was diluted into 10 ml with saline solution on standby. One hundred patients after general anesthetic were divided into dropping under the tongue group of 50 patients and nose dropping group of 50 patients. In the dropping under the tongue group, patients were given 0.5 ml prepared Nitroglycerin under the tongue, while in the nose dropping group, patients were given 0.5 ml Nitroglycerin by nose dropping after cleaning nasal cavity by saline solution and tampon. The blood pressure and heart rate were recorded at lmin, 3 min, 10 min and 15 min. If it was found ineffective after 15 min observation, patients were given medicine again. Results Both methods could reduce the hypertension to normal level, they reached effective at 1-3 min, reached maximum at 5 min and maintained for 15-30 min. There was no significant differences in speed of lowering hypertension and degree of lowering hypertension between two groups（P〉0.05）. In nose dropping group, 17 felt discomfort because of stimulation in nasal cavity and 9 felt sick, while in dropping under the tongue group, 11 felt stimulated and 2 felt sick. Conclusion For patients during postoperative anesthetic period, dropping Nitroglycerin under the tongue has such advantages as more convenient, quicker, safer and more effective than nose dropping, and it can also ease patients＇ pain in a better way.
出处
《护理学报》
2006年第1期60-61,共2页
Journal of Nursing（China）
关键词
硝酸甘油
麻醉苏醒期
高血压
舌下滴服
滴鼻
Nitroglycerin
postoperative anesthetic period
hypertension
dropping under tongue
nose dropping
