摘要
利用NCEP／NCAR再分析月平均对流层顶气压、气温资料，研究了1979-2002年冬季全球对流层顶气压、气温的年际和年代际变率。选取了冬季对流层项变率最大的区域来定义气压指数、气温指数。通过分析得到：（1）全球对流层项气压、气温随纬度的增加而增高，但在整个热带地区和高纬度地区对流层顶气压、气温的分布较均匀。在分析时段内全球平均的对流层顶气压呈下降趋势，气温呈降低趋势。这些从全球资料得到的结果支持了已有的从部分探空资料所得到的结果。（2）对流层顶变率最大值出现在北半球的副热带地区，最小值出现在低纬度地区。气压指数和气温指数显示出准13a及准3～6a的周期。在1992年以前准3a的周期变化较强，1989年后准6a较强，显示出年际变化的年代际差异。对流层项气压与对流层顶气温在全球大部分地区都呈显著正相关，但在热带和副极地的部分地区相关较弱。对流层顶气压与对流层平均气温在全球大部分地区都呈显著负相关，但在极地地区有正相关关系，显示了对流层顶与对流层内部变化关系的复杂性。
Using the NCEP/NCAR monthly mean tropopause pressure and temperature reanalysis data from 1979 to 2002 ,we have investigated both the interannual and interdecadal variabilities of the wintertime tropopause. The tropopause pressure index is defined as the areal average over the region where the tropopause pressure variability reaches its maximum. The tropopause temperature index is defined in a similar way as for the tropopause pressure index. Results show that the global tropopause pressure and temperature averaged over 24 years increased with the increase of latitude. However, the distributions of the tropopause pressure and temperature in the tropics and the high latitudes were relatively homogeneous. The globally mean tropopause pressure and temperature were descending during the winters from 1979 to 2002 ,and these results agree with the results from part of sounding data. The subtropics in the Northern Hemisphere was the region where the maximum tropopause variability is found ,while the tropopause variability reached its minimum in the low latitudes. The periodicities of pressure and temperature indices are found to be dominantly the 13 years and 3-6 years. There was prominently positive correlation between the tropopause pressure and temperature in the most of world,while the correlation between the tropopause pressure and tropospheric mean temperature was significantly negative in the most of world.
出处
《南京气象学院学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第2期151-157,共7页
Journal of Nanjing Institute of Meteorology
基金
江苏省"六大人才高峰"项目
关键词
对流层项
年(代)际变率
北半球冬季
tropopause
interannual （interdecadal） variability
boreal winter
