摘要
对小麦回交转育所得七个株高梯度系列的35个系统的研究结果表明,矮秆品种高化共同表现在第4,5节间及3,4相对叶间距的增长,这对减少郁蔽有利,籽粒产量及千粒重均有显著增加的趋势,收获指数仍较高,品质也不致下降,在矮×高的矮秆分离群体中选相对较高的植株有利;高秆矮化共同表现在第4节间及3,4相对叶间距缩短,品质性状可得到一定程度改良,回交使高秆品种矮化有效。提出了相对株型的概念,并认为下4节间总相对长、相对叶间距等可作为株型识别的指标。
Results of studies on 35 lines of 7 series of wheat(Triticum aesti- vura L.)revealed that a common occurrence of variation with the taller-statured progenies of a short stature variety was the increase of the length of the 4th and 5th internodes and that of the 3rd and 4th distances between neighboring leaves. Thisis beneficial for reducing the overshadowing of the foliage.There was a te- ndency of significant increase of grain yield and 1000 kernel weight.The HI usually remained high,and the quality traits were not deteriorated.Thus it is beneficial to select relatively taller plants in a short segregating population into which a tall stature gene(or genes)has been introduced.A common occurrence of variation with the shorter-statured progenies of a tall stature variety was the decrease of the 4th internode and that of the 3rd and 4th distances between nei- ghboring leaves.The guality traits were somewhat improved.All these shows that hackcrossing is effective for reducing the stature of tall stature varieties. The concept of relative plant architecture was suggested.It was considered that the relative lower length and the relative distances between neighboring leaves of the 4 lower internodes could be used as criteria for distinguishing plant archite- cture.
基金
国家自然科学基金资助
关键词
小麦
理想株型
株高梯度系列
矮秆
wheat
ideotype
short stature
relative plant architecture
stature series
distance between neighboring leaves
