摘要
目的探讨应用三维外固定架治疗距膝、踝关节5cm以内的胫腓骨严重开放性粉碎骨折的方法和临床效果。方法回顾性分析2000年10月～2005年5月期间采用单边三维外固定架治疗的32例距膝、踝关节面5cm以内的胫腓骨开放性骨折患者,其中胫腓骨近端骨折11例,远端骨折21例。伤口较小者采用C型臂透视下手法复位或利用伤口撬拨复位,对于复位不满意或骨折端有软组织卡压者,可延长创口或另加小切口显露骨折端直视下复位,必要时辅加有限内固定。疗效根据患肢短缩程度、X线检查、双侧膝关节屈曲度相差、双侧踝关节屈伸度相差及行走后症状来评价。结果所有患者获5～18个月(平均9个月)随访。所有骨折均获得骨性愈合,平均愈合时间为5.6个月。骨折愈合情况:优20例,良6例,可3例,差3例,优良率为81.3%;关节功能恢复情况:优19例,良9例,可4例,优良率为87.5%。结论单边三维外固定架具有操作简单方便、创伤小、固定可靠、并发症少的优点,非常适用于距关节面5cm以内的胫腓骨严重开放性骨折的治疗。
Objective To evaluate the method, clinical effects and influential factors of using three dimensional external fixators in the treatment of severe open comminuted tibiofibular fractures 5 cm near the knee or ankle joints. Methods We retrospectively analyzed 32 cases of open comminuted tibiofibular fracture 5 cm near the knee （11 cases） or ankle joints （21 cases） . They were treated with three dimensional external fixators from October 2000 to May 2005, The patients with small wounds were treated with manipulative reduction or leverage reduction through the wound under the guidance of C-arm radiography. In case of malreduction or soft tissue being tangled by the fracture ends, visible reduction was carried out after the wound was lengthened or a small incision was added. Limited internal fixation was used in case of necessity. The results were evaluated in terms of shortening of the fractured limbs, X-ray manifestation, bilateral flexion differences and postoperative walking complaints. Results Follow-ups from 5 to 18 months （nine months on average） showed that all the cases achieved osseous union. The mean union time was 5.6 months. The total excellent and good rates of fracture healing and functional recovery were 81.3% and 87.5% respectively. Conclusion Application of the three dimensional external fixator is appropriate for the treatment of severe open comminuted tibiofibular fracture 5 cm near the knee or ankle joints, because its operative procedure is simple, the injury it causes is minimal, its fixation is reliable and its complications are quite limited.
出处
《中华创伤骨科杂志》
CAS
CSCD
2006年第4期334-338,共5页
Chinese Journal of Orthopaedic Trauma
关键词
胫腓骨
近关市端
骨折
开放性
骨折固定术
外
外固定器
Tibia and fibula
Near articulation
Fractures, open
Fracture fixation, external
External fixator
