摘要
职业叠山家是我国古代造园家群体的重要组成部分,其对我国古代尤其是明清园林艺术的发展有着深刻的影响。本文通过对相关文献的梳理,分析了古代职业叠山家的基本情况及特点,使我们对职业叠山家及其所从事的职业有一个全面的了解。职业叠山家最早出现于两宋,它是由当时高度发达的园林文化所催生出来的一种职业,这种职业在明清伴随着造园风气的再度兴盛而得到前所未有的发展。有着较高的文化素养,同时又不乏丰富的专业技能,这使得职业叠山家们常常成为整个园林的主要设计者和工程主持者。通过对职业叠山家的工作细节和生活状况的分析,我们甚至可以发现,从执业方式和社会地位来看,他们与如今的景观建筑师颇有几分相似之处。职业叠山家,尤其是计成、张涟、戈裕良等一批具有很高艺术修养的大家的出现,极大地促进了叠山艺术的发展。另外,叠山的职业化,也推动了造园技艺在不同地域间的传播和交流。
Artificial Landscape Architects play an important part in gardening design in ancient China, which has a deep influence on Chinese ancient horticulture, especially the one in both Ming Qing Dynasty. This paper analyzes the basic situation characteristics of ancient Landscape architects by studying the docu- ments related to landscape architect, and it also enables us to under stand Landscape architect from a com- prehensive view. Artificial Land scape architects originally appeared in Song Dynasty. It was a profession developing from the advanced gardening culture at that time, and it developed quickly with the prosperity of garden-construction. With a high cultural qualities and specialzed skills artificial landscape architects tended to be the main designers or the people who were in charge of garden-construction. By analyzing the working detalis and living situation, we find out that ancient landscape architeets are like the landscape architect of today from the point of way of working and social status. Those professional landscape architects, esp. JI Cheng, ZHANG Lian and GE Yu-lian--famous architects with cultural recuperation accelerated the development of landscape designing. Besides, the professionalization of artificial landscape designing also promot- ed the transmisson and communication of horticulture.
出处
《西安建筑科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2006年第1期44-48,共5页
Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology(Social Science Edition)
关键词
叠山造园
职业化
职业叠山家
false mountain design and landscape design
woationalize
ancient chinese landscape architect
