河北阳原姜家梁新石器时代人类牙齿形态特征的观察与研究被引量：6

A Dental Morphological Observation on the Neolithic Human Skeletons from Jiangjialiang,Yangyuan,Hebei Province

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摘要本文应用牙齿人类学的研究方法,对出自河北阳原姜家梁遗址的新石器时代居民的牙齿形态特征进行了研究。采用“亚利桑那州立大学牙齿人类学系统”进行牙齿形态观察,应用“平均差异度”(MMD)距离公式计算出姜家梁组与其他各对比组的MMD距离系数以估计群体间的相似程度,并根据MMD矩阵对18组人群进行聚类分析和因子分析。本文研究结果表明,姜家梁居民的牙齿形态特征属于中国型牙(Sinodonty),但自身又具有某些独特的特征,如铲形上颌中央门齿和单根上颌第一前臼齿等特征的出现率很高。综合来看,姜家梁组在铲形上颌中央门齿、双铲形上颌中央门齿、单根上颌第一前臼齿和第一臼齿转向皱纹这4项性状上具有很高的出现率;上颌第一臼齿釉质延伸、上颌第三臼齿退化、三根下颌第一臼齿和下颌第二臼齿四尖这四项性状出现率处于中等水平。与同时代的下王岗组和庙子沟组比较而言,姜家梁组与庙子沟组的关系更为密切,有研究表明姜家梁组居民与庙子沟组居民具有较为相近的头骨形态特征,本文研究结果表明两者具有较为接近的牙齿形态特征,这说明在体质特征上相近的人群在头骨形态特征和牙齿形态特征方面的表现可能较为一致,但只通过这两个对比组的比较结果而下此结论还为时过早,尚有待于积累更多的同类型族群的相关牙齿人类学资料验证之。 The author researched the dental Jiangjialiang, Yangyuan in Hebei Province, morphological traits of Neolithic human skeletons from China, using the method based on the Arizona State University Dental Anthropology System and multivariate analysis of Mean Measure of Divergence （MMD）. The author found dental morphology of Jiangjialiang skeletons belonged to the Sinodontic type. And yet, there are some unique traits, such as the great appearance of shoveling in the UI 1 and UP 1 1-root. The frequencies of occurrence of some traits such as UI 1 shoveling, UI 1 doubleshoveling, and LM 1 deflect wrinkle are also very high. The author found that the northeastern Asian groups have a distant morphological distance compared to southeastern Asian groups. In terms of dental morphological traits, Jiangjialiang people have a closer relationship with Miaozigou people than with the Xiawanggang people. As we have known, the Jiangjialiang and Miaozigou people also have similar skull traits, but more research needs to be conducted on dental traits to confirm this association.

作者李法军朱泓

机构地区中山大学人类学系吉林大学边疆考古研究中心

出处《人类学学报》 CSCD 北大核心 2006年第2期87-101,共15页 Acta Anthropologica Sinica

基金国家基础科学特殊学科点人才培养基金(J0030094)

关键词牙齿形态特征人种新石器时代阳原姜家梁 Tooth Morphological traits Race Neolithic age Yangyuan Jiangjialiang

分类号 Q983.3 [生物学—人类学]

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