摘要
目的掌握全国燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒(地氟病)防治措施落实进度、防治效果及病情变化动态,为制定燃煤污染型地氟病防治策略提供科学依据。方法按全国地方性氟中毒重点监测方案的要求,儿童氟斑牙采用Dean法,尿氟和主要食物(玉米、辣椒)采用离子选择电极法控制。结果①燃煤型地氟病病区的防治措施落实进度仍然呈现增长,改灶率增长1．52％;②病区改炉改灶总体合格率呈现增长,2004年为89．00％, 2003年为83．01％,增长了5．99％;③病区玉米、辣椒含氟量普遍超过国家标准,玉米(均值)最高超过国家标准 25倍,辣椒(均值)最高超过围家标准179倍;④病区儿童氟斑牙检出率下降,2003年在30％控制线以下的为 0,2004年已有3个监测点达到30％控制线以下。结论①燃煤型地氟病病区的防治措施落实进度虽然仍然呈现增长趋势,但是,地区差别很大,高者甚高,低者甚低;②病区玉米、辣椒氟污染相当严重;③病区病情总体上呈现一种下降趋势,但某些病区病情仍然较重。
Objectives To investigate the fulfillment and effect of control measures of coal-burning type endemic fluorosis, to find out the trends of prevalence in China, and to provide scientific basis for formulating control strategies for endemic fluorosis. Methods The surveillance was carried out according to the methods and requirement of national survey scheme of endemic fluorosis. Results ① The fulfillment of control measures was improved in endemic areas, and the rate of installation of improved stoves was increased by 1.52%. ② The rate of installation of qualified stoves, 89.00 % in 2004 and 83.01% in 2003, was increased generally, with an increase of 5.99 % between the two years.③Fluoride levels of corn and hot peppers were generally exceeding the standard, the highest in corn（mean） being 25 times over the standard, the highest in hot peppers（mean） being 179 times over the standard. ④ The rate of dental fluorosis detected in children was decreased, no areas surveyed had a detectable rate under the control line of 30%, while 3 areas did in 2004. Conclusions ① The fulfillment of control measures in coal-burning type endemic areas has shown an increasing trend, but it varies a lot among areas. ②The fluoride pollution of corn and hot peppers in endemic areas is quite serious; ③The prevalence coal-burning presents a decreasing trend, but in some areas it is still serious.
出处
《中国地方病学杂志》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期302-305,共4页
Chinese Jouranl of Endemiology
关键词
煤
氟化物
中毒
监测
Coal
Fluoride
Poisoning
Surveillance
