摘要
本文运用敦煌汉、藏文文书和传世史籍对吐蕃告身制度进行探讨,认为吐蕃告身制度是吐蕃王朝在其自身传统做法的基础上,对唐朝官员的服饰制度和告身制度进行借鉴模仿而成。吐蕃给平民百姓授予木质写有文字的告身khram,用以辨别身份、区分贵贱。在敦煌汉文文书中,khram被称为牌子。另外,吐蕃王朝还授予中下级官员大藏(gtsangchen)、果藏(sgogtsang)之位,这两种职位也是告身,它们与藏族传世史籍记载吐蕃授予作战勇士的铁文字告身相类似,有可能就是铁文字(lcagsyig)告身。
The paper explores the gaoshen system of the Tubo on the basis of the resources from historical literature and Chinese and Tibetan documents of Dunhuang. The author argues that the system is basing on their own tradition, and some elements were borrowed from the costume and Gaoshen system of the Tang. The khram, a gaoshen given to the ordinary people, was a wooden card on which some words were written. It can be used to define the identity and its level. The gtsang chen (大藏) and sgo tsang (果藏) given to the low rank officials were Gaoshen as well. They are similar with the iron gaoshen given to the brave soldiers, which was recorded in the Tibetan historical literature. The two gaoshen probably were the iron gaoshen (lcags yig).
出处
《民族研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第3期94-102,共9页
Ethno-National Studies
基金
2005年度国家社会科学基金资助项目<吐蕃统治河陇西域时期制度研究>(05CZS006)成果之一。
关键词
吐蕃
告身
牌子
大藏
Tubo
gaoshen
paizi (牌子)
gtsang chen.
