摘要
我国有大量的居民居住在广袤的山地和高原地区,海拔上升带来的氧气含量降低、紫外辐射增强等高原自然环境导致的各种不利因素,对他们的衣食住行造成了巨大的影响。针对高海拔地区自然环境特点,包括低压低氧、低气温、低湿度、高辐射等自然环境条件,全面而深入地分析了高原环境对人体健康可能造成的各种不良影响,并介绍了高原肺水肿、脑水肿等急性高原病和高原衰退症等慢性高原病的发病特征。进一步地,在众多学者的大量研究基础上,对海拔高度增加引致的氧气含量和紫外辐射强度等自然指标变化规律进行了总结,分析了各指标变化对人体生理的影响,进而得出了在不同海拔高度人体生理的表现。依据有关数据,还总结了我国各种急性、慢性高原病在县级区域水平上发生的区域分布规律,对我国高原病与高原反应发生的地区进行了划分,并指出了各种疾病发病的海拔临界值。这对于改善高原居民的生理健康水平、指导平原地区前往高海拔地区人们对高原病的防护有重要意义。
There are large amount of residents living on the plateau and mountain area in China. Corresponding to the increase of altitude, the percentage of oxygen in the air becomes lower and the ultraviolet radiation becomes heavier. Therefore, people＇s daily lives are affected seriously by the natural environment. First of all, this paper analyzes the characteristic of natural environment on high altitude area, including low air pressure, low oxygen content, low temperature, low humidity and heavy radiation. Based on above, the negative influence on human body of plateau environment is examined thoroughly and comprehensively, and the features of some acute high altitude diseases such as HAPE and HACE, Chronic high altitude disease such as HADT are also introduced in this paper. Furthermore, according to other research findings, the paper studies the law of variations on content of oxygen in air and ultraviolet radiation and the function of human body varying with the different altitudes. At last, the paper concludes the distribution of plateau area and high altitude disease in China by abstracting from relative data and point out the critical altitude of kinds of altitude disease. The conclusion is important to disease improve the healthy level of high altitude residents and prevent normal altitude area people who go to plateau from attacking by high altitude disease.
出处
《山地学报》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期312-319,共8页
Mountain Research
关键词
高原环境
人体健康
高原病
plateau environment
human health
high altitude
