摘要
本文从人与人的相互作用和社会学、心理学的角度,对人群疏散中“非适应性”行为”的理论、计算机模型、模拟原理等进行了较为深入的研究,并以具体实例说明了Bu ild ing Exodus软件在人群疏散模拟分析中的具体应用,为完善该研究方向的计算机模型和促进软件的开发提供理论和方法的指导。文章得出的结论是:“非适应”人群行为的研究需要从心理学和社会学的角度建立人群中个人行为与社会行为的理论框架。“非适应”人群行为的研究方法必须与紧急情况相结合,而紧急情况是一个由多个人员组成的复杂系统,大量人群环境的模拟需要涉及到人与人之间,人与环境之间的相互作用。
The paper studies non-adaptive behaviors in crowd evacuation from the views of interaction between persons, psychology and sociology, including related theories, computational models and simulation principles. An example is given to show how to use building exodus in crowd evacuation simulation, aiming at giving some theoretical and methodological guides to the development of computational models and software. It is concluded that, in emergency, the total evacuation time is dependent on crowd density when mean response time is very short. On the contrary, it is independent of crowd density when mean response time is very long. When mean response time is bctween these two extremes, the evacuation time is influenced by both the crowd density and the distribution of response times. In the process of evacuation, mean jumps of a person are mostly influenced by the numbers of persons when response time is very short, but tending to zero and becoming independent of the numbers of persons when mean response time is very long.
出处
《灾害学》
CSCD
2006年第2期114-120,共7页
Journal of Catastrophology
基金
国家"十五"科技攻关计划课题的滚动课题"城市突发重大事故风险控制与应急技术研究及试点"(2001BA803B01)
