摘要
38%的结直肠癌患者就诊时肿瘤局限于肠壁,大规模普查是降低结直肠癌发病率和死亡率有效方法。目前常用的普查方法为大便潜血试验、纤维乙状结肠镜、气钡双重造影、结肠镜等。虚拟内视镜和大便分子生物学检查正在研究中。随机对照研究发现4类化学药物对预防结直肠腺瘤和(或)癌有效,分别是硒、碳酸钙、激素替代疗法和非甾体类抗炎药。
Lesions in 38% of colorectal cancer patients are localized to the bowel wall. it is likely that widespread implementation of screening is an effective metb,d to decreasc the incidence and mortality of eolorectal canter. In addition to currently availahle methods（fecal occult blood, flexible sigmoidoscopy, eolonoscopy, and double contrast baritum enema）, computed tomographic colonography and stool-based molecular screening are under development. Four classes of chemopreventive compounds have demonstrated efficacy in prcvention of coloreetal adenomas and/or cancer in randomized trials. They are selenium, calcium carbonate, hormone replacement therapy, anti nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory, drugs.
出处
《肿瘤学杂志》
CAS
2006年第3期180-183,共4页
Journal of Chinese Oncology
关键词
结直肠肿瘤
基因突变
预防
普查
colorectal neoplasms
gene mutation
prevention
sereening
