摘要
目的探讨重症监护病房(ICU)肺部感染的易发因素、致病菌的构成情况及临床护理要点。方法回顾性分析重症监护病房肺部感染患者细菌学特点、感染的相关因素及临床护理要点。结果机械通气、气管切开、气管插管者肺部感染发生率分别为80.4%、77.6%和33.8%。G-菌是肺部感染主要的致病菌;真菌的比例有上升的趁势,长期、联合应用抗生素特别是广谱抗菌素是发生真菌感染的主要原因。结论机械通气、气管切开、气管插管是ICU肺部感染的易发因素,加强吸痰、气道湿化等护理操作的质控和医院感染的管理;注意病程规律是控制ICU肺部感染发生的有效措施。
Objective To explore causative factors, composition of pathogenic bacteria and clinical nursing of pulmonary infection in ICU. Methods Bacteriologic features, correlation factors and clinical nursing points of pulmonary infection in ICU were analyzed retrospectively. Results The incidence of pulmonary infection caused by mechanical ventilation, tracheal incision and tracheal intubation was 80. 4%, 77.6% and 33.8% respectively. G- bacteria was the main pathogenic bacteria; the proportion of fungus had a rising trend. Long-term and combined use of antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum antibiotics, was the main reason for fungous infection. Conclusion Mechanical ventilation, tracheal incision and tracheal intubation were causative factors of pulmonary infection in ICU. Nursing procedures such as sputum aspiration and airway humidification, management of hospital infection and paying attention to disease courses are effective in controlling pulmonary infection in ICU.
出处
《现代临床护理》
2006年第3期6-8,共3页
Modern Clinical Nursing
