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P肥施入土壤后的变化进程及对P淋失的影响 被引量:27

Change of P fertilizer After Application Into Soil and Its Influence on P Leaching Loss.
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摘要 对施入不同剂量P肥的稻田土壤进行培养,测定不同时期土壤Olsen-P和CaCl2-P含量变化。结果表明,在施P量为100~1600kg·hm^-2条件下,200d时不同处理土壤Olsen-P含量降低量均接近于施P后的50%,不同施P量下土壤对Olsen-P的固定量均接近50%。表明在本试验施P量范围内该土壤仍未达到P吸附饱和,土壤对Olsen-P的固定量与施P量近似呈正比;当施P量低时,CaCl2-P含量低,且变化不明显;当施P量高于400kg·hm^-2时,CaCl2-P含量迅速增高。随着施P量提高,进入土壤缓效P库的比例降低,而进入速效P库和可溶性P库的比例增加,土壤对P的固定能力也逐渐降低,产生P损失的可能性增加,易于导致面源污染。预测结果表明,该土壤发生P素地表径流损失及在亚表层径流中P浓度猛增的Olsen-P含量“转折点”为81.3mg·kg^-1,与其对应的施P量约为524kg·hm^-2。可见,该土壤施P量一旦高于500kg·hm^-2,通过各种途径产生P损失的可能性增加。 Paddy soil samples applied with different rates of P fertilizer were incubated and examined for changes in contents of Olsen-P and CaCl2-P at different time periods. Results show that in 200 days, soil Olsen-P decreased by about 50% in all the treatments. When P application rate was low,the content of CaC12-P was low and did not varied much. But when P application rate exceeded 400 kg·hm^-2 ,the content of CaCl2-P rose rapidly. With the increasing P application rate,the proportion of the applied P entering into the P pool of residual P was decreasing, whereas those into the pools of dissolved P and Olsen-P were increasing, so the probability of P losing into water that may induce non-point pollution is increasing. The "change point" value of Olsen-P content that can indicate soil P loss into surface runoff and rapid increase in P content in subsurface drainage is 81.3 mg· kg^-1, and the corresponding P application rate is about 524 kg ·hm^-2. So, if P application is above 500 kg ·hm^-2 ,the possibility of soil P loss in different ways is increasing.
出处 《生态与农村环境学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2006年第3期80-83,共4页 Journal of Ecology and Rural Environment
基金 国家自然科学基金(30470336) 中国科学院陆地生态过程重点实验室基金资助
关键词 稻田 土壤 施肥 P 淋失 控制 paddy field soil application of fertilizer P leaching control
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参考文献14

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二级参考文献5

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