摘要
刺槐溃疡病在山东沿海地区发生严重。研究结果表明主要病原菌为尖镰孢（ＦｕｓａｒｉｕｍｏｘｙｓｐｏｒｕｍＳｃｈｌｅｃｈｔ．），其次为腐皮镰孢（Ｆｕｓａｒｉｕｍｓｏｌａｎｉ（Ｍａｒｔ．）Ｓａｃｃ．）。尖镰孢的小型分生孢子头状，聚生于短的单出瓶梗上，分生孢子椭圆形至腊肠形，７．６～１５．４μｍ×２．５～３．８μｍ；大型分生孢子镰刀形至纺锤形，３～５分隔，２８．２～３８．４μｍ×４．６～５．１μｍ；厚垣孢子直径８．９～１２．８μｍ。腐皮镰孢的小型分生孢子生于伸长的分生孢子梗上，阔卵形至椭圆形，５．１～１０．２μｍ×２．５～４．８μｍ，孢子梗长３０～８０μｍ；大型分生孢子两端较钝，３～５分隔，２０．１～３３．３μｍ×２．６～５．４μｍ；厚垣孢子直径７．７～１０．２μｍ。菌落生长适温为２５～３０℃，最适温度２８℃；ｐＨ范围５～９，最适微酸至中性；碳源以蔗糖和葡萄糖最好，氮源以蛋白胨最好。
Serious black locust canker occurs in Shandong coastal areas. Pathogenetic fungi are identified as Fusarium oxysporum and Fusarium solani. Microconidia of the first aggregate a capitulum and develop on the single ampuliform conidiophore. Microconidium are elliptic and botuliform in shape,7.6～15.4 μm× 2.5～3.8 μm and macroconidium are falciform and cambiform with 3～5 septum,28.2～38.4 μm×4.6～5.1 μm. The diameters of chlamydospore are 8.9～12.8 μm. For the second,microconidia grow on the elongated conidiophore and the shapes are broad ovate and elliptic,5.1～10.2 μm ×2.5～4.8 μm. Conidiophore are 30～80 μm in length. Macroconidium is blunt at both ends with 3～5 septum,20.1～33.3 μm× 2.6～5.4 μm. Chlamydospore are 7.7～10.2 μm in diameters. The appropriate temperature for the colony growth is 25～30 ℃ with 28 ℃ as the optimum. The range of pH is 5～9 and micro acid or neutrality is the most favourable. The best origin of carbon is sucrose or glucose,and peptone is best nitrogen source. F. oxysporum has stronger pathogenicity and is the main pathomycete of black locust canker.
出处
《林业科学研究》
CSCD
北大核心
1996年第6期616-619,共4页
Forest Research
关键词
刺槐
溃疡病
病原菌
尖镰孢
black locust, canker, pathogenetic fungi, Fusarium oxysporum
