摘要
研究基于运动员退役的过程理论,运用文献综述、实地调查和综合分析等方法,对运动员退役安置的政策变化、退役的有关理论、社会支持,以及退役教育的可行性进行分析讨论。过去有关运动员的退役问题,政府主要是通过政策的倾斜来改善运动员的退役环境,很少从心理调节上去考虑。从社会心理学角度,调查分析运动员的退役心理状态,发现很多问题不容乐观,建议应关注运动员在退役过程中的心理问题,开展运动员退役心理干预教育,以改善运动员退役的心理环境。从退役过程理论的观点看,运动员的退役是一个阶段性发展的结果,心理过程在各个阶段中会直接影响到运动员对退役后的生活评价,引起情绪反应。为了减轻退役过程给运动员带来的负面影响,基于当前的运动员退役理论、社会支持和国外运动员退役教育,建议有关的研究应进一步探讨我国运动员退役服务的教育,开展对运动员退役的深层次问题的探索,为推进我国运动员的退役教育提供更多的理论依据。
On the basis of the retirement process theory,this article discuses polices of athletic retirement, relevant theories, social support and possible interventions through reviewing relevant research, investigation, and synthesis analysis. In relation to athlete retirement, the government tends to improve the situation through the police, however ,it seems to lose sight of the athlete＇s mental issues. Relevant research shows the mental issues while athletes retiring, suggesting that intervention should be involved in the retiring process in order to improve the situation. From the perspective of retirement process theory,athlete retirement is a result of sport-life development. Psychological process has an influence on the sporting process ,resulting in athlete＇s emotion response. To reduce the negative influence on athlete retiring,it suggests that future research should explore social support and interventions in the athlete retirement based on existed theories and experience.
出处
《体育科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第8期17-24,52,共9页
China Sport Science
基金
国家体育总局体育社会科学研究项目(615ss04015)
关键词
运动员
退役
心理干预
社会影响
教育
athlete
retirement
mental intervention
social support
education
