摘要
端粒(telomere)是真核细胞染色体末端的重复序列,对维持染色体的稳定性具有重要作用.端粒酶(telomerase)是维持端粒长度必需的一种逆转录酶,在细胞增殖、衰老、永生化和癌变等方面具有重要的作用.在肿瘤细胞中端粒酶发生明显变化,有较高水平的表达和很强的活性,成为肿瘤细胞的重要特征之一.乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis Bvirus)X蛋白(HBx)与肝癌的发生密切相关,HBx可以通过多种途径发挥致癌作用,其中一个重要的分子机制,即激活人端粒酶反转录酶hTERT(为端粒酶的催化亚单位)使细胞发生永生化而癌变.因此,详细阐明HBx与hTERT的关系对于揭示乙肝病毒致癌机制具有重要的意义.本文对HBV的分子结构和HBx的分子生物学特性进行了详细的阐述,对HBx与hTERT及其调控因子的关系进行了归纳和总结,有助于进一步阐明HBx的致癌机制.
Telomeres, short tandem repeat sequences at the ends of eukaryotic linear chromosomes, function to stabilize chromosomes. Telomerase, a reverse transcriptase, is essential for maintaining telemere length and involves in cell proliferation, senescence, immortalization and carcinogenesis. The telomerase remarkably in tumor cells with high level expression characteristics of tumor cells. Hepatitis B virus （HBV） X changes and strong activity, which becomes one of the protein （HBx） is closely related to the occurrence of hepatocelullar carcinoma （HCC） and plays a crucial role in the development of HCC through regulating many pathways, among which human telomerase reverse transcriptase （hTERT） activation by HBx is important in cell immortalization and carcinogenesis. Therefore, it is significant to demonstrate the relationship between HBx and hTERT for exploring the carcinogenesis. In the present review, we describe the structure of HBV genome and biological characteristics, and summarize the relationship between HBx and hTERT, its regulating factors as well, which contribute to the investigation of carcinogenesis.
出处
《中国生物化学与分子生物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第7期519-523,共5页
Chinese Journal of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology
基金
天津市科技发展计划重点项目(No.043113411)~~
关键词
乙型肝炎病毒X蛋白
端粒
端粒酶
人端粒酶反转录酶
hepatitis B virus X protein
telomere
telomerase
human telomerase reverse transcriptase
