摘要
灵芝多糖是灵芝的主要抗癌活性成分,但灵芝多糖的抗癌构效关系和抗癌机制仍不明了。现有的研究表明,具有抗癌活性的灵芝多糖大多是β-(1→3)-D-葡聚糖。β-葡聚糖中分支度高的有较高的活性,分子量高的也较分子量小的活性大。但新近的一些研究发现,含有其它结构的灵芝多糖和某些小分子量的灵芝多糖也具有免疫调节和抗癌活性。因此,这些灵芝多糖在灵芝抗癌中的作用不可忽视。灵芝多糖的抗癌作用机制目前尚不明了。现已知通过免疫介导作用发挥抗癌作用是灵芝多糖抗癌的主要机制之一。新近的研究发现,膜Ig和TLR-4为灵芝多糖激活机体B细胞的免疫受体,TLR-4也与灵芝多糖激活机体巨噬细胞有关。此外,灵芝多糖抗癌的可能机制还包括活化促分裂原活化蛋白(MAP)激酶,以及抑制肿瘤血管新生等。
Ganoderma lucidum polysaccharides （GLPS） is one of the main anticancer constituents of G. lucidum. Until now, however, the structure-activity correlation and anticancer mechanisms of GLPS are still not well understood. Studies show that GLPS with β-（1→3）-D-glucan structure have anticancer actions. Generally, G. lucidum β-glucans containing higher branching ratio have higher activity, and high molecular weight glucans appear to be more effective than those with low molecular weight. Exceptionally, some polysaccharides with other structures and low molecular weights also have the immunomodulatory and anticancer effects. The role of these active polysaccharides can not be neglected. Studies on immune receptors for GLPS implied that both membrane Ig and TLR4 are required for GLPS-mediated B cell activation, and TLR4 is also involved in GLPS-mediated macrophage activation. Immunity-mediated mechanism is one of the most important contributions to the anticancer action of GLPS, while other possible mechanisms include activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases and the inhibition of angiogenesis, etc.
出处
《菌物学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第3期430-438,共9页
Mycosystema
关键词
药用真菌
Β-葡聚糖
抗肿瘤活性
抗癌作用机制
Medicinal mushroom
β-glucans
antitumor activity
mechanism of anticancer action
