摘要
介绍了国家自然科学基金重点项目“地表通量参数化与大气边界层过程的基础研究”在河北省白洋淀地区进行的两次综合观测实验（时间分别是2004年11月16-22日和2005年9月8～27日），这两次实验获得了大量宝贵的资料，全面深入的资料分析正在进行中。此文主要限于白洋淀地区水陆不均匀地表近地面层微气象特征的分析。结果表明：陆地上近地面层的气温日变化比水域上的大，而风速比水域上的小，其中9月份陆地上白天的气温比水域上的高，夜间比水域上的低，11月份两地白天气温接近，但夜间陆地上的气温明显偏低；无论是9月还是11月，水域上近地面层都是以下沉气流为主，而陆地则在中午前后存在弱的上升运动；9月份，两地的近地面层短波射入辐射比较接近，但水域上的短波射出辐射比陆地上的大；长波射入辐射则是陆地比水域的大，而长波射出辐射则是水域的比陆地的大；两地的净辐射白天接近，夜间水域地区负的净辐射值明显比陆地的大；9月份，水陆两地的感热通量相差不大，为150～200W／m^2，而潜热通量比感热通量大，天气晴朗时可达到300W／m^2；11月份，陆地的感热通量比潜热通量大，为100-120W／m^2，而水域地区的感热通量则与潜热通量相当；两地的潜热通量相差不大，一般不超过50W／m^2。无论是9月还是11月，水域地区夜间都存在水汽向下输送的逆湿现象，而陆地只在9月份存在逆湿现象。2005年9月份的水温观测结果表明，白洋淀水体平均温度比水表平均温度明显偏高，而且日变化幅度很小，水表平均温度则日变化较大。
A comprehensive field experiment of atmospheric boundary layer over heterogeneous surface is introduced. The experiments were held in Baiyangdian area of North China during 16 - 22 November 2004 and 8 - 27 September 2005. Some micrometerological characteristics from preliminary data analysis shows that （1） the diurnal variation of air temperature over the land is more obvious than that over the water area and the wind speed over the land is less than that over the water area. In September, the air temperature over the land is higher than that over the water area in the daytime, but lower at nighttime. In November, the air temperature over the land is almost the same as that over the water area in the daytime, but is lower obviously at nighttime. Either in November or in September, the vertical speed over the water area is always negative, but over the land, there is sometimes a positive vertical speed at noon; （2） in September, the incident shortwave radiations over the land and the water area are almost the same, but the reflected shortwave radiation over the water area is much more than that over the land. The incident long wave radiation over the land is much more than that over the water area, but the reflected long wave radiation over the land is less than that over the water area. The net radiations over the land and water area are almost the same in the daytime, but there is a difference at night; （3） the albedo over the land is smaller than that over the water area; （4） in September, the sensible heat fluxes over two sites are about 150-200 W/m^2 , and the latent heat fluxes are near 300 W/m^2 in shiny days. In November, the sensible heat flux is larger than the latent heat flux over the land, and the sensible heat flux is smaller than the latent heat flux over the water area. There are always minus latent heat fluxes over the water area; （5） in September, the water body temperature is much higher and changes more slightly than the water surface temperature.
出处
《大气科学》
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期883-893,共11页
Chinese Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
基金
国家自然科学基金资助项目40233030
关键词
非均匀边界层
综合观测
微气象
白洋淀
heterogeneous surface, micrometeorology, field experiment, Baiyangdian
