摘要
本文以南京和苏、锡、常等城市为例,探讨了我国城市边缘区发展当前存在的主要问题;分析了我国城市边缘区的发展过程和社会经济特征;揭示了影响边缘区发展变化的社会、经济、文化因素以及内在机制;并对南京等城市边缘区土地利用结构进行了分析,着重探讨了我国城市边缘区用地形态和空间结构的基本特征及其变化。
The development of Chinese urban fringe is making way into a new stage. It has the characteristic that urban expansion and rural-urbanization promote or carry on simultaneously. This development way of urban fringe is different from that of developed and the other developing countries. The development and changes of Chinese urban fringe is related to developing stage of industrialization and urbanization. It could divided into three stage: 1) Agricultural type's fringe stage (1949?959), 2) semi-industry type's fringe stage (1960?978), 3) industry type's fringe (1979?989).
At present, the main problems of Chinese urban fringe are shown as follow: 1) The construction of urban fringe is very disordered because of the lack of effective planning policies and theoretical guidance, so there are a lot of problems in achieving an appropriate balance between urban development and resources and environmental protection- 2) Since urban frings is situated in city-country combinative area that is no longer rural but is not yet urban, its planning is not only different from that of rural, various built-up area, but also different from that of rural, various index of planning is uncertain. 3) Urban fringe is also a dynamic zone that is undergoing because of it contact with the city, the contradictory of city's expansion and farmland is very prominent, city's expansion caused the heavy loss of prime farmland of fringe. 4) The social and industrial structure of fringe is not stable, economic system is very complex and economic activities and resources tend to focus on the short-term benefits.
The change mechanism of Chinese urban fringe is essentially the result that internal pressure of the urban development and spontaneous urbanization of suburbs commonly act on fringe. Industry has become the dominant factor of development of urban fringe, and content of industrial activities has determined the spatial structure and land-use form of urban fringe.
The internal structure of urban fringe has the characteristic of the centripetal concentration and centrifugal diffusion. The social and population structure, spatial distribution of industrial and residential land and commercial land gradually descends and that of farm land generally goes up with varying distances from the city center.
Chinese urban fringe changes with periodic fluctuation of national economic development. The expansion-verhotted-horten of the economy will cause cyclic expansion and change. The shortage of investment of urban constructure, rural-town industry and suburbs infrastructure will give rise to deep impacts on the development of Chinese urban fringe.
Looking to the future, there is evidence which leads one to speculate that the rural-urban fringe will become the 'hot-point' of development and expansion and sprewl of Chinese urban, has now been formed as a special area of urban region. Study of urban fringe has become an urgent work of Chinese urban planning and construction. The core of this study is to make effective planning policies for dealing with urban fringe problems.
出处
《地理学报》
EI
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
1990年第4期399-411,共13页
Acta Geographica Sinica
关键词
城市
边缘区
空间结构
发展
Urban Fringe
Spatial structure
Urban-Rural dual structure
Land-useForm
