摘要
通过盆栽试验,探讨供水(田间持水量的45%、60%和75%)和化感物质间甲酚对小麦、蚕豆不同种植模式生长盛期土壤微生物多样性和酶活性的影响.结果表明,随灌水水平的降低,不同处理的土壤细菌、真菌和放线菌数量随之减少,间甲酚可加剧灌水减少引起的微生物数量的减少;间甲酚对不同处理土壤微生物多样性指数均具有降低作用,提高灌水水平可缓解间甲酚对间作群体土壤微生物多样性的负效应,但间甲酚在75%灌水水平下对单作微生物多样性的负效应最大,45%的供水水平和间甲酚作用下间作可维持更高的土壤微生物多样性.间甲酚对土壤过氧化氢酶的化感作用不显著,对脲酶和酸性磷酸酶活性的化感作用显著;3种土壤酶活性随供水水平的降低均显著下降,但供水与间甲酚、种植模式的互作效应对酶活性的影响不显著;间作对土壤过氧化氢酶和酸性磷酸酶活性具有极显著影响.
With pot experiment, this paper studied the effects of water supply levels （45%, 60% and 75% of soil water hold capacity） and alleloehemieal 3-methylphenol （300 × 10^-6 mol · kg^-1 soil） on the soil microbial diversity and enzyme activity in mono-eropped and horse bean-intereropped wheat fields during vigorous growth period. The results showed that with the decrease of water supply, the numbers of soil bacteria, fungi and aetinomytes in the two fields decreased significantly, and 3-methylphenol enlarged this negative effect. 3-methylphonel had a negative effect on soil microbial diversity, but the increase of water supply could weaken this effect in intereropped field. The strongest allelopathic effect of 3-methylphenol was observed in mono-eropped field when the water supply was 75% of soil water hold capacity, while intereropping could maintain a relatively stable soil microbial di- versity, compared to the mono-eropping with 3-methylphenol and low water supply. The allelopathie effect of 3methylphenol was not significant on soil eatalase activity, but significant on soil urease and phosphatase activities. Water supply level affected soil enzyme activity significantly, the lower the water supply level, the weaker the soil enzyme activity was. The interactions of water supply with 3-methyl phenol or cropping pattern were not significant, but intercropping could significantly affect the activities of soil catalase and phosphatase.
出处
《应用生态学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第9期1624-1628,共5页
Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30170547)
国家"863"重大节水项目(2002AA2Z4191)
甘肃农业大学创新基金资助项目(GAU-CX0502).
关键词
供水水平
种植模式
土壤微生物多样性
土壤酶
化感作用
Water supply level, Cropping pattern, Soil microbial diversity, Soil enzyme activity, Allelopathy.
