摘要
“华盛顿共识”和“休克疗法”是新古典宏观经济学派反凯恩斯革命的新浪潮。他们否认大萧条的基本教训,无视历史的多样性和经济的复杂性。他们自上而下设计的自由化与私有化政策,导致苏东(前苏联和东欧)经济在过去十余年间的大幅下跌。中国和苏东转型实验的比较研究,促使我们重新检验经济学的基本问题,例如均衡学派与非均衡演化学派关于经济波动本质的争论。转型萧条的惨重代价,使我们加深理解新古典经济学的误区,例如价格的线性供求理论、预算软约束理论、宏观经济的微观基础理论,以及新制度经济学的趋同理论。中国基于学习、创新和分散试验的新经验,将使经济学超越均衡优化的古典规范,去探索非均衡演化的复杂经济学。
The ‘Washington consensus＇ and‘shock therapy＇ approach to transition economies is a new wave of counter-Keynesian revolution by new classical school in macroeconomics. They reject the basic lessons from the Great Depression, ignore historical diversity and economic complexity. Their top-down designed liberalization and privatization led severe economic decline in East Europe and former Soviet Union （EEFSU） in the last decade. Comparative experiments between China and EEFSU raise fundamental issues in economics, such as the debate on the nature of business cycles between equilibrium school and disequilibrium-evolutionary school. The heavy cost of the Transition Depression sheds new light on theoretical flaws of neoclassical economies, including price theory based on linear demand and supply, theory of soft-budget constraints, microfoundations in maeroeconomics, and the convergence theory in new institutional economics. New development policies based on learning, innovation, and decentralized experiments in China will go beyond equilibrium-optimization paradigm in classical economics and develop disequilibrium-evolutionary perspective in complex economics.
出处
《经济研究》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第10期96-107,共12页
Economic Research Journal
基金
中国科学基金会70471078号拨款
北京大学中国经济研究中心211工程
上海复旦大学新政治经济学中心的资助
关键词
不稳定性
复杂性
非均衡
转型萧条
Instability
Complexity
Disequilibrium
Transition Depression
