摘要
采用辣椒田间（5～10行）边行外各间作1行玉米的方法进行6种不同模式辣椒、玉米多样性种植控制辣椒疫病（Phytophthora capsici）和玉米大斑病（Helminthosporium turcicum）、小斑病（Helminthosporiun maydis）的病害研究。结果表明：不同模式的辣椒、玉米间作对辣椒疫病和玉米大、小斑病的病害发生均有显著的控制效果。与单作相比，间作对辣椒疫病的防治效果随辣椒行数的减少由35．0％逐渐增加到69．6％；间作对玉米大、小斑病的控制效果随辣椒行数的增加由43．0％逐渐提高到69．3％。同时，辣椒玉米间作可显著提高单位土地面积的生产能力和经济效益。其中，5行辣椒间作2行玉米的复合产量和土地利用率最高，但经济效益相对较低；10行辣椒间作2行玉米的复合产量和土地利用率相对较低，但经济效益最高。与单作辣椒相比，辣椒玉米间作的总产值增加1683—2012元／hm^2，增幅达10％-12％。证明利用辣椒玉米间作提高物种多样性、增强农田稳定性可达到有效控制辣椒疫病和玉米大、小斑病的目的。
A field study was conducted to determine the most effective intercropping combination of chilli and maize to reduce the occurrence of Phytophthora blight （PB） on chilli and Northern ＆ Southern leaf blight （NSLB） on maize. The treatment combinations were MC5M, MC6M, MC7M, MC8M, MC9M, MC10M, M10 and C10, （ M, Maize ; C, Chilli ; 5 - 10, number of rows of maize or chilli per plot）. All intercrop combinations reduced incidence of both PB and NSLB significantly over their counterpart monocrops. The chilli maize combination of MC5M had the most drastic effect in reducing PB on chillies while MC10M proved to be the best combination for management of NSLB in maize. The incidence of PB increased and that of NSLB decreased with increasing number of rows of chilli in the intercrop combination. The statistical analysis showed that all intercropping systems had greater yields and economic advantage over their monocrop counterparts. Intercrop combination of MC5M had the greatest combined yield but smallest economic value whereas MC10M had the opposite effect. Maize and chilli yields per plant increased gradually with the increasing rows of intercropped chilli. The programme establishes useful potential at farm-level for using interspecific diversity as means to improve control of PB and NSLB.
出处
《园艺学报》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第5期995-1000,共6页
Acta Horticulturae Sinica
基金
国家‘973’项目(2006CB100200)
关键词
辣椒
玉米
间作
病害控制
Chilli pepper
Maize
Intercropping
Disease management
