摘要
言据性研究始于西方,至今已有90多年历史,但很晚才引起我国学术界的注意。本文对西方语言学界在言据性研究方面已经取得的主要成果进行综述。根据Aikhenvald的做法,把言据性大致分为目击型和非目击型两种。分析动词、助动词、副词、形容词和名词等词汇标记如何体现汉语的言据性;论述汉语言据性的强、中、弱三个不同程度以及主观和客观两种基本取向。本文认为,了解西方语言学界对言据性的研究,可以帮助我们加深对汉语语法的研究,使我们看清汉语使用者如何表述自己所提供信息的来源,从而帮助我们从社会或心理角度,分析讲话者愿意为自己提供的信息承担多大责任,愿意为语言交际做出多大程度的投入。
Evidential studies began nearly a century ago in the West and they did not catch the attention of the Chinese academic circle until 1980s. This paper surveys the history of evidential studies and discusses their utility for analyzing the Chinese language. Following Aikhenvald, evidentiality is classified into eyewitness type and non-eyewitness type. After this classification, Chinese evidentiality is examined first in terms of its lexical markers as in verbs, auxiliary verbs, adverbs, adjectives and nouns, then in terms of its high, medium and low degrees, and finally in terms of its subjective and objective orientations. It is held that knowledge of the evidential studies in the West can promote research on Chinese grammar. Specifically, these studies are conducive to our understanding of how Chinese users express the sources of their information and how much responsibility they are willing to take for the information they provide, and to what extent they want to get themselves involved in the verbal interactions.
出处
《现代外语》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第4期331-337,共7页
Modern Foreign Languages
