摘要
两宋疆域可依不同地域的特殊行政制度、地理区位和经济发展水平等多项条件分为数个“综合政治区”。但其分划方式与区际关系在两宋则大有区别,从而形成两种截然不同的政治地理格局。构成北宋疆域的各个“综合政治区”,主要是以分工的方式形成“圈层式”结构。各区之间互相依赖,利于中央集权,却难以各自为战,故屡衅于外力。而南宋的“综合政治区”则各有独立生存的条件,是在不同区位行使相近职能的政治区,从而形成“分块式”结构。这种结构提高了应付对外战争的能力,但凝聚力较弱,中央集权程度远逊于北宋。
The territory of both the Northern and the Southern Song Dynasty may be divided into several “composite political districts” according to various standards such as special administrative systems, geographical position and economic development. However, the demarcation of these districts and their relationship differed greatly in the Northern and the Southern Song Dynasties, forming two sharply contrasting politico-geographical patterns. The pattern of circular levels according to division of functions in the Northern Song Dynasty led to a high degree of regional interdependence. That facilitated the centralization of power, but meant that each region was separately rather weak, and was thus frequently subject to outside attacks. The composite political districts of the Southern Song Dynasty, where different districts were similar in function and hence were able to exist independently, were more effective in resisting invaders. But power was far less centralized than under the Northern Song and hence the districts had less cohesive force.
出处
《中国社会科学》
CSSCI
北大核心
2006年第6期171-183,共13页
Social Sciences in China
基金
国家教委"十五"规划项目:01JB770001
教育部人文社科重点基地项目:02JA2D770010
