摘要
黄颡鱼（Pelieobagrus fulvidraco）是新兴淡水养殖对象，其养殖技术和适宜饲料蛋白及维生素C磷酸酯的需要量等已有报道，但对包膜维生素C的生长和免疫反应目前尚未见报道，而维生素C是鱼正常生长和抗病的重要微量营养素。为此，在水温（22．0±3．0）℃下，将平均体质量10．0g的黄颡鱼幼鱼放养在30个60cm×60cm×120cm的微流水网箱中，投喂以鱼粉为蛋白源，粗蛋白含量40．0％和粗脂肪8．0％的半精制饲料，按300mg·kg^-1、600mg·kg^-1、900mg·kg^-1、1200mg·kg^-1和1500mg·kg^-1的剂量分别添加维生素C磷酸酯和包膜维生素C。经90d的饲养表明，饲料中维生素C磷酸酯和包膜维生素C的添加量分别为1110～1200mg·kg^-1和659～900mg·kg^-1时，黄颡鱼生长最快，饲料系数最低；添加量为1200mg·kg^-1和600mg·kg^-1时，血清总蛋白含量最高；961mg·kg^-1和981mg·kg^-1时，溶菌酶活性最高；747mg·kg^-1和507mg·kg^-1时，淀粉酶活性最高；1014mg·kg^-1和919mg·kg^-1时，蛋白酶活性最高。包膜维生素C的效果优于磷酸酯维生素C，这与其具稳定性且进入机体后缓释及蛋白酶活性和免疫力高有关。
Ascorbic acid is an important micronutrient for growth and development in yellow catfish （Pelteobagrus fulvidraco ）, a new candidate species in large-scale freshwater culture. The optimal dosage and source of ascorbic acid supplemented in diet are crucial factors for yellow catfish culture. Yellow catfish juveniles, body weight 10.0 g were stocked into 30 net cages of 60 cm × 60 cm × 120 cm in a circulating pond and fed by semi-purified formulated feed containing 40% protein （fishmeal as only protein source） and 8.0% lipid and supplemented with five levels of coated-ascorbic acid（CAA） or ascorbic acid-2-phosphate （LAAP） （300 mg·kg^-1 diet, 600 mg·kg^-1 diet, 900 mg·kg^-1 diet, 1 200 mg·kg^-1 diet, 1 500 mg·kg^-1 diet） to investigate the effects of dietary vitamin C levels and sources on growth and immunity of juveniles on the basis of specific growth rate（SGR）, protein efficiency ratio（PER）, feed conversion rate（FCR）, and compositions in muscle. Water temperature was maintained at （22.0 ± 3.0） ℃. The results of 90-day-feeding trial show that the optimal LAPP and CAA ascorbic acid requirements are 1 110 - 1 200 mg·kg^-1 diet and 659 - 900mg·kg^-1 diet in yellow catfish juveniles, respectively. The fish groups of 1 200 mg（LAPP）·kg^-1 diet and 600 mg（CAA） ·kg^-1 diet had the maximal serum total protein level; the fish had the maximal lysozyme activity when feeding at 961 mg（LAPP）·kg^-1 diet and 981 mg（CAA）·kg^-1 diet. The fish had the maximal amylase activity and the maximal proteinase activity when feeding at 747 mg（LAPP）·kg^-1 diet, 507 mg（CAA）·kg^-1 diet, 1 014 mg（LAPP）·kg^-1 diet and 919 mg（ CAA）·kg^-1 diet, respectively. The different sources and dosage of ascorbic acid had no significant effect（P 〉0.05） on protein, lipid and carbohydrate levels in muscle and serum Ig M, complements C3 and C4 quantity. The results imply that the reason for CAA having advantage over LAAP should be contributed to the slow release and stableness of CAA which can promote high proteinase activity and immunity.
出处
《中国水产科学》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第6期951-958,共8页
Journal of Fishery Sciences of China
基金
辽宁省自然科学基金项目(2002215)
关键词
黄颡鱼
蛋白质
维生素C
生长
免疫力
Pelteobagrus fulvidraco
protein
ascorbic acid
growth
immunity
