摘要
目的:探讨监狱警察的心理健康状况及与应对方式之间的关系。方法:于2005-10-15/17对海南省两所监狱的120名警察进行问卷测量。采用问卷调查与访谈相结合的方式。首先采用肖计划编制的“应对方式问卷”,包括6个分量表,即解决问题、合理化、求助、自责、幻想、退避等。然后采用症状自评量表,包括躯体化、强迫症状、人际关系敏感、抑郁、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执及精神病性9个因子。使用统一的指导语言,并在同一天内进行团体施测。结果:发放问卷120份,剔除无效问卷后,收回有效问卷共110份,问卷有效率为92%。有效问卷中,男90名,女20名;年龄25～30岁24名,31～40岁46名,41～50岁28名,51岁以上12名;教育程度学士以下者89名,学士以上者21名。①心理健康状况方面,与国内常模组比较,在躯体化、强迫、抑郁、精神病性4个因子均分均高于常模组,差异有显著性意义[分别为(19.75±7.50),(13.40±4.50)分;(17.67±4.96),(16.90±6.10)分;(20.49±6.51),(15.70±6.10)分;(14.33±4.46),(13.60±4.70)分,P<0.001],人际关系、焦虑、敌对、恐怖、偏执因子均分均低于常模组均分,且在人际关系、敌对、恐怖、偏执方面差异有显著性意义[分别为(14.78±3.97),(17.60±6.70)分;(9.27±3.12),(15.00±5.70)分;(9.07±2.81),(13.30±4.70)分;(8.82±2.78),(15.20±6.00)分,P<0.001]。不同性别警察比较,女性警察除恐怖因子得分高于男性警察外,其余各项因子均分均低于男性警察,但差异无显著性意义。②监狱警察躯体化与解决问题呈负相关(r=-0.29,P<0.05),与退避呈正相关(r=0.33,P<0.05);强迫、人际关系敏感、抑郁等与自责、幻想、合理化呈显著正相关(P<0.001);焦虑与自责呈正相关(r=0.30,P<0.05),与退避、合理化呈显著正相关(r=0.35,0.38,P<0.001);恐怖与合理化呈正相关(r=0.34,P<0.05);偏执、精神病性与自责、退避、合理化呈显著正相关(P<0.001),与幻想呈正相关(P<0.05)。结论:监狱警察的应对方式较为成熟;心理问题主要表现在躯体化、抑郁、强迫、精神病性方面,且与应对方式有关。
AIM： To probe the relations between the mental health status of prison police and their coping style. METHODS： From October 15^th to 17^th 2005 a questionnaire survey was conducted by using the coping-style questionnaire drawn up by Xiao, among 120 policemen who were working in two prisons in Hainan province and also made some interviews among them. The scale included 6 sub-scales about solutions, rationalizations, seeking help, serf-reproach, illusions and avoidance, etc. Symptom. Checklist 90 （SCL-90） was adopted, which was composed of 9 elements： somatization, obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression, anxiety, hostility, phobic anxiety, paranoid ideation, psychoticism. This was completed by group in one day by using unitary instructing words. RESULTS： Totally 120 questionnaires were handed out, among which 110 effective questionnaires were taken beck, so the efficiency of the questionnaire was 91.67%. Among the 110 persons, there ware 90 men and 20 women, 24 of whom ware aged from 25 to 30 years, 46 aged from 31 to 40 yearn, 28 aged from 41 to 50 years and 12 aged over 51 years; 89 of them got bachelor degree and 21 of them got higher degree. ①In the status of prigon police mental health, compared with the domestic norm group, their scores ware much higher in the aspects of somatization, obsessivecompulsive, depression and psychoticism. There was significant difference [ （19.75±7.50）, （13.40±4.50） points; （ 17.67± 4.96）, （16.90±6.10） points; （20.49±6.51）, （15.70±6.10） points; （14.33±4.46）, （13.60±4.70） points, respactively, P 〈 0.001]. However, in the aspects of interpersonal sensitivity, hostility, phobic anxiety and paranoid ideation, their scores ware lower than the norm group. There was significant difference [（14.78±3.97）, （17.60±6.70） points; （9.27±3.12）, （15.00±5.70） points; （9.07±2.81）, （13.30±4.70） points; （8.82±2.78）, （15.20±6.00） points, respectively,P〈 0.001]. Compared with male police, female police got lower scores in each aspect except in phobic anxiety, but the difference was insignificant. ②The correlativity between the somatization and problem solving ability was negative（r=-029, P 〈 0.05） but the correlativity between the somatization and avoidance was positive （r=0.33,P 〈 0.05）. The correlativity between obsessive-compulsive, interpersonal sensitivity, depression and serf-reproach, illusion, and rationalization was obviously positive （P 〈 0.001 ）. The correlativity between anxiety and serf-reproach was positive （r=0.30, P 〈 0.05）, however, the correlativity between it and avoidance and rationalization was obviously positive（r=0.35,0.38, P 〈 0.001 ） ;The correlativity between phobic anxiety and rationalization was positive （r=0.34,P 〈 0.05）;The correlaUvity of paranoid ideation and psychoticism with the other three factors of serf-reproach, avoidance and rationalization was obviously positive （P 〈 0.001 ）, but the correlativity of paranoid ideation and psychoticism with illusion was just positive （P〈 0.05）. CONCLUSION： Prison police can handle their mental disease maturely; their mental health problem is mainly caused by somatization, depression, obsessive-compulsive and psychoticism, which are quite correlated with their coping style.
出处
《中国组织工程研究与临床康复》
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第17期3310-3312,共3页
Journal of Clinical Rehabilitative Tissue Engineering Research
