摘要
采用可控气氛锥形量热仪，在辐射功率为50kW·m^-2，氧浓度为15％-21％的条件下，对磷酸二氢铵（MAP）阻燃紫椴木材及其素材的燃烧发烟性能进行对比研究。通过对烟释放速率（RSR）、总烟释放量（TSR）、比消光面积（SEA）以及一氧化碳（CO）生成速率（PCO）和CO产率（YCO）等相关动态烟参数的综合分析，总结不同氧浓度下。MAP阻燃紫椴木材及其素材燃烧时的浓烟和有毒气体CO的释放规律。结果表明：对于所有试样，有焰燃烧阶段的浓烟释放（RSR、TSR和sEA）要远大于红热燃烧阶段。当氧浓度在16％左右时，MAP阻燃木材和素材的烟释放（RSR、TSR和sEA）相当。在相同的氧浓度下，当氧浓度在16％以上时，MAP阻燃木材燃烧过程中的浓烟释放（RSR、TSR和SEA）小于素材；而当氧浓度在16％以下时，MAP阻燃木材燃烧过程中的浓烟释放（RSR、TSR和SEA）反而高于素材。在试验氧浓度范围内，MAP阻燃木材的CO释放（PCO和YCO）要高于素材。随着氧浓度的增加，MAP阻燃木材燃烧过程中的烟释放（RSR、TSR和SEA）和CO释放（PCO和YCO）均降低；素材燃烧过程中的烟释放（RSR、TSR和SEA）和CO生成速率（PCO）均增加，但CO产率（YCO）降低，前者主要是由于素材燃烧过快而使体系缺氧造成的，而后者主要是由于在单位木材质量损失下热解产物更充分燃烧。总之，随着空气中氧浓度的降低，MAP阻燃木材燃烧时的烟（包括CO）释放均呈增加趋势。
Smoke is the general term of the substance threw off from a burning material, the mixture of tiny solid particles, tiny fluid drops and gaseous compounds. In this paper, a controlled-atmosphere cone calorimeter was used to investigate the smoking property of wood （Tilia amurensis） treated with fire-retardant monoammonium phosphate（MAP） and the untreated for comparison. The samples were tested at a heat flu of 50 kW·m^-2and controlled atmosphere of oxygen concentration 15% - 21% . The releasing of dense smoke and poisonous gases （ mainly carbon monoxide） of the sample burnt under different oxygen concentration were summarized by comprehensive analysis of the smoke related parameters such as rate of smoke release（RSR）, total smoke release（TSR）, specific extinction area（SEA）, carbon monoxide production rate （ Pco ） and yield of carbon monoxide （Yco）. The results indicated that the dense smoke release （RSB, TSR and SEA） was much higher in flaming than in after- glowing. When oxygen concentration was about 16%, the smoke release（RSR,TSR and SEA） of MAP treated wood was similar to the untreated. When the wood specimens burned in the same oxygen concentration, MAP treated wood gave a lower dense smoke release （RSR, TSR and SEA） than the untreated if the oxygen concentration was higher than 16 %. On the contrary, if the oxygen concentration was lower than 16%, the smoke release（ RSR,TSR and SEA） of MAP treated wood was higher than the untreated. In the experimental oxygen concentration range, the CO release （ POC and YCO） of MAP treated wood was higher than the untreated wood. With the increase of oxygen concentration, the smoke release （RSR, TSR and SEA） and CO release （PCO and YCO ） of MAP treated wood decreased; the smoke release （ RSR, TSR and SEA） and CO production rate （ PCO ） of the untreated wood increased due to the oxygen shortage of the system caused by the violent combustion, while CO yield （ YCO ） decreased because of comparatively more complete combustion at certain weight loss of the wood. It was concluded that the smoke release including CO formation of burning MAP treated wood tend to increase with the decrease of oxygen concentration in the air.
出处
《林业科学》
EI
CAS
CSCD
北大核心
2006年第12期95-100,共6页
Scientia Silvae Sinicae
基金
国家自然科学基金项目(30371127)
全国博士学位论文作者专项资金资助项目(200457)。
关键词
紫椴
氧浓度
可控气氛锥形量热仪
发烟性能
Tilia amurensis
oxygen concentration
controlled-atmosphere cone calorimeter
smoking property
