摘要
城市蔓延已成为世界关注的问题之一。20世纪90年代中期，美国规划界提出了旨在平衡发展和保护关系的城市精明增长理念，指出应该引导城市发展的速率和方向，保护农用地和开敞空间。本文以山东省泰安市为例，构建了城市发展偏好模型和耕地损耗模型，判别泰城“精明”的空间扩展方向，并分析了泰城不同发展方向的景观格局，探讨平衡城市发展与耕地保护的规划方法。结果表明：泰城在东北东方向的发展偏好最强，而在北东北方向最弱；城市向北东北和北西北方向扩展时耕地的损耗最小，而向东东南和南西南方向扩展时耕地损耗最大；泰城在1996年-2005年间的扩展偏好基本符合耕地损耗最小原则；景观组分的多样性随城市发展偏好的增强而增加，但景现形状的复杂性和生态的破碎度在不同的城市发展模式下变化的趋势存在一定的差异。从现状城市发展偏好的强弱程度和“精明”发展偏好的排序关系来看，泰城的空间扩展应从东北东方向逐步向西西南和南东南方向转移，应积极倡导紧凑的城市发展模式。同时，西南方向的耕地质量参差不齐，在新增建设用地选址时应尽量不占耕地或占用低质量的耕地。
Urban spatial expansion orderly is a complex task due to the tension between the need to develop city and the wish to preserve farmland and open space. This controversy is enhanced especially in a fast urbanization and scarce land resource per capita country like china. In the mid-1990s, American politicians and planners put forward a new urban growth mode ＂smart growth＂, which balances development and environmental protection- accommodating urban farmland and other sensitive or critical areas. In this paper, urban growth preferences space and modeland cultivated land depletion model were developed and integrated to analyze the ＂smart＂ expansion direction of Taian city. The landscape pattern of city in eight orientations was also analyzed using FRAGSTATS 3.3, and the landscape metrics selected were patch richness, shanno index and mean patch size. The results show that： 1） the strongest the ENE, where the spatial expansion intensity is 7.58%, and the n＇ s diversity index, growth landscape shape preference of Taian city is in weakest growth preference is in the NEN, where the intensity is 0.2% during the period from 1996 to 2004; 2） the cultivated land would occur when Taian city expands toward the ESE, where the coefficient of cultivated land is 0.49; and when Taian city expands toward the NNW, weighting coefficient is 0.007, the depletion of cultivated land would be the least; 3） preferences are in conformity with the principle of the minimum cultivated land of landscape components is increasing with the enhancement of the urban growth most depletion of quality weighting where the quality the urban growth depletion; 4） the diversity preference, but landscape geometrical complexity and ecological fragmentation have different trends of change under different urban development modes. According to the principle of the minimum cultivated land depletion and the suitability of urban land use, we suggested that the urban growth WSW and SES, and should promote city development compactly. to balance urban growth and farmland protection. preference should transfer from ENE to This method provides a possible means to balance urban growth and farmland protection.
出处
《资源科学》
CSSCI
CSCD
北大核心
2007年第1期63-69,共7页
Resources Science
基金
长江学者和创新团队发展计划(编号:IRT0412)
国家科技攻关课题(编号:2004ba508b01)
关键词
空间发展方向
城市发展偏好
耕地损耗
八分圆
精明增长
Space development direction
Urban growth preferences
Depletion of cultivated land
Octant
Smart growth
