摘要
中国古代证据制度具有定罪必须取得被告人的供词;诬告者反坐,证人地位低,对伪证者刑惩严厉;疑罪从轻、从赎,实行有罪推定;维护等级特权,体现宗法家族统治;重视勘验,物证技术比较发达;刑讯是获取人证的主要方式;以五声听狱讼,验诸证信,自由推断等七个基本特点。通过对这些基本特点的探讨,能够更为深刻地认识传统的“诉讼形态”。
There are seven basic features of the testimony system in ancient China： （i） When a person is convicted of a crime, the defendant＇s confession should be produced; （ii） The false accuser is sentenced to the punishment facing the person he falsely accused, the witness has the humble status, and the person who gives false testimony is severely punished; （iii） The suspicious crimes are punished leniently and can be atoned, and the conviction of a crime is carried out; （iv） The hierarchical privileges are safeguarded, indicating the ruling of patriarchal clan system; （v） The surveying and testing on the spot are paid much attention to, and the material evidence technology is much developed; （vi） Inquisition by torture is the major way of obtaining the testimony of a witness; （vii） The litigation is decided by ＂five sounds＂, and all the evidences are checked and the verdict is freely inferred. A discussion of the above basic features helps us to profoundly understand the traditional ＂litigation forms＂.
出处
《湖南科技大学学报（社会科学版）》
2007年第2期82-89,共8页
Journal of Hunan University of Science and Technology(Social Science Edition)
基金
国家教委"八五"重点课题"中国传统文化与中国法律"之子课题"诉讼"分卷的部分阶段性成果。
关键词
古代证据制度
基本特点
testimony system in ancient times
basic features
litigation forms
