摘要
目的了解和掌握近5年来黔江区以改炉改灶为主的综合性防治措施防治燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒的效果,为重庆市制定燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒防治措施提供科学依据。方法通过在黔江区监测点邻鄂镇(2001-2002年)、水田乡(2003-2005年)检查儿童氟斑牙、炉灶使用情况,测定儿童尿氟、粮食氟含量,收集连续5年的资料,进行纵向比较。结果黔江区邻鄂镇与水田乡儿童氟斑牙检出率从41.08%下降到32.80%;儿童尿氟从1.42mg/L下降到0.58mg/L;玉米氟含量在2.74～5.85mg/L之间,辣椒氟含量在4.48～157.95mg/L之间,呈下降趋势;两个乡镇改炉率在59.75%～100%之间,改炉合格率在40.25%～100%之间,呈上升趋势;改灶率38.30%～100%之间,改炉合格率在38.36%～100%之间,呈上升趋势。结论采取以改炉改灶为主的综合性防治措施防治燃煤污染型地方性氟中毒后,儿童氟斑牙、尿氟、粮食氟等氟毒性效应指标得到了改善,提示我们应继续坚持前期的防治措施,并加强健康教育宣传工作,完善炉灶的管理制度。
Objective To analyze the situation of endemic fluorosis in Qianjiang District after the launching of a 5-year reduction of coal-burning program. Method Retrospective analysis on the extent of dental fluorosis in children, the methods of using stove, and the levels of fluorine in food was conducted in Lin＇e Town （2001-2002） and Shuitian Village （2003-2005）. Result The positive rate for dental fluorosis was dropped from 41.08% to 32.80%. The level of fluorine in urine was dropped from 1.42 mg/L to 0.58 mg/L. The fluorine contents in eom are in the range of 2.74-5.85 mg/L. The fluorine contents in hot popper are in the range of 4.48-157.95 mg/L. Over 59.75% of coal-burning type stove were replaced, and over 40.25% of the stove were up to the standard. Over 38.3% of kitchen had been refurbished. Conclusion Reduction of fluorosis is correlated with the replacement of coal-burning type stove and kitchen refurbishment in Qianjiang District. It is important to raise the awareness of public health.
出处
《热带医学杂志》
CAS
2007年第2期175-177,共3页
Journal of Tropical Medicine
关键词
燃煤污染型
地方性氟中毒
纵向监测
pollution of coal-burning
endemic fluorosis
portrait surveillance
