摘要
本工作以杞麓湖的鲤属鱼类为研究对象,应用扫描电镜技术研究各物种鳃耙形态结构的分化,探讨同域型物种分化在鳃耙超微结构上的表达形式。鳃耙的形态分化是多层次的,且不同物种鳃耙的分化可在各层次独立进行,也可在层次之间出现交叉,从而使分化形式丰富多彩。杞麓湖鲤属鱼类鳃耙分化模式对研究云南高原湖泊其它类群的物种分化具有一定参考意义。
The present paper deals with the differentiations of Cyprinus in Qilu Lake, Yunnan Province, where four species distribute. The technique of scanning electron microscopy is used and the morphology of gill rakers is observed and described (table 1, plate Ⅰ). By observing Cyprinus in Qilu Lake, the differentiations of gill rakers are shown on three levels, i.e. firstly, numbers and length of gill rakers; secondly, morphology and developed extent of the secondary rakers; thirdly, types of microvilli in the same taste bud of a species. It is complicated and variabie in morphological forms of gill rater existing in Cyprinus. As a principle, the differentiations of gill rakers follow that the levels can be evolved separately in each species, or can be acrossed among species. Various morphologies of gill raker are connected with feeding habits of fishes. Taste buds on the gill rakers well identify food and the likes when they are filtered by fish's gill rakers. Authors incline that this may be the main reason of resulting in that microvilli develop and differentiate into two types in the same taste bud. According to the morphology of gill rakers, it can be inferred that the gill raker of C, pellegrini is the most adaptive for filtering among four species and that of C. chilia is more adaptive for filtering than those of C. yunnanensis and C. ilishaestomus. The inference is.identical with their recipes analysed by other authors before and also can be proved by the structures of their cranium. Finally, authors point out that the differentiations of Cyfrinus in Qilu Lake expresses on the ultrastructures of gill raker may be a pattern of sympatric differentiation. This pattern may have some referential use for studying other groups.
出处
《动物学报》
SCIE
CAS
CSCD
1990年第3期222-226,共5页
ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA
基金
国家自然科学基金
关键词
鲤属
鱼类分化
鳃耙结构
Scanning electron microscopy, Uktrastructure, Qilu Lake, Cyprinus, Sympa-tric differentiation.
